Objective <p>The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of magnesium deficiency in type 2 diabetic patients and investigate its impact on glycemic control and microvascular complications.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional study included 256 adult type 2 diabetic patients assessed over a seven-month period. The measurement of magnesium levels was conducted using the enzymatic method.</p> Results <p>The mean age of our population was 59.5&#xa0;years. Most participants had been living with type 2 diabetes for an average of 10&#xa0;years, and their glycemic control was suboptimal, with 58.6% displaying HbA1c levels exceeding 8%. Magnesium deficiency was identified among 23.3% of the patients. Hypomagnesemia was significantly associated with the duration of diabetes (<i>p</i> = 0.027). Magnesium levels were correlated with glycemic control, showing an inverse relationship with HbA1c (r = -0.163, <i>p</i> = 0.010) and fasting blood glucose (r = -0.207, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Magnesium deficiency was also significantly associated with an increased risk of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, with odd ratios of 2.031 and 2.120, respectively.</p> Conclusion <p>Our study highlights the high prevalence of magnesium deficiency in type 2 diabetic patients and its significant association with poor glycemic control and microangiopathic complications.</p>