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Objective <p>To estimate the prevalence of pre-conception and pregnancy-related risk factors for early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among antenatal women recruited under the <b>P</b>revalence of <b>G</b>estational <b>D</b>iabetes Mellitus in <b>R</b>ural <b>D</b>ehradun (PGDRD) project in western Uttarakhand.</p> Methods <p>Using a multistage random sampling technique, 1223 antenatal women (597 primigravidae and 626 multi-gravidae) were identified from a block’s rural field practice area. Data were collected by personal interviews using a pretested tool. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. Perceived stress was measured using the 10-item Cohen Perceived Stress Scale. Standard tools/methods were employed to measure blood glucose, blood pressure, and anthropometry. Pre-conception data were collected retrospectively. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 22.0, was used for analysis.</p> Results <p>HIP prevalence is significantly higher among multi-gravidae than primigravidae. However, the prevalence of modifiable risk factors among multi-gravidae is comparable to that of primigravidae. Pooled results indicated that the most prevalent modifiable risk factors during pre-conception are maternal overweight/obesity and low physical activity during pregnancy. Significant associations are observed between HIP and antenatal women self-reporting pre-existing hyperglycemia during and outside past pregnancy. Independent risk factors of early-onset T2DM (HIP) are multi-gravidae, those experiencing recurrent vaginal infections, and polyhydramnios during pregnancy.</p> Conclusions <p>To prevent early-onset T2DM, maternal pre-conception weight control and exercise during pregnancy need addressing. Despite the focus on multi-gravidae with pre-existing hyperglycemia during and outside past pregnancy, their risk profile similarity with primigravidae and significant associations with HIP reflect that much needs to be done.</p>

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Risk factors for early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in and around pregnancy among Asian Indian women (PGDRD 2)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月18日

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  • Surabhi Mishra,
  • Jayanti Semwal,
  • Surendra Kumar Mishra,
  • Nagma Mirza

摘要

Objective

To estimate the prevalence of pre-conception and pregnancy-related risk factors for early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among antenatal women recruited under the Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Dehradun (PGDRD) project in western Uttarakhand.

Methods

Using a multistage random sampling technique, 1223 antenatal women (597 primigravidae and 626 multi-gravidae) were identified from a block’s rural field practice area. Data were collected by personal interviews using a pretested tool. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. Perceived stress was measured using the 10-item Cohen Perceived Stress Scale. Standard tools/methods were employed to measure blood glucose, blood pressure, and anthropometry. Pre-conception data were collected retrospectively. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 22.0, was used for analysis.

Results

HIP prevalence is significantly higher among multi-gravidae than primigravidae. However, the prevalence of modifiable risk factors among multi-gravidae is comparable to that of primigravidae. Pooled results indicated that the most prevalent modifiable risk factors during pre-conception are maternal overweight/obesity and low physical activity during pregnancy. Significant associations are observed between HIP and antenatal women self-reporting pre-existing hyperglycemia during and outside past pregnancy. Independent risk factors of early-onset T2DM (HIP) are multi-gravidae, those experiencing recurrent vaginal infections, and polyhydramnios during pregnancy.

Conclusions

To prevent early-onset T2DM, maternal pre-conception weight control and exercise during pregnancy need addressing. Despite the focus on multi-gravidae with pre-existing hyperglycemia during and outside past pregnancy, their risk profile similarity with primigravidae and significant associations with HIP reflect that much needs to be done.