Background <p>Management of type 1 diabetes in children involves a multitude of daily tasks performed by primary caregivers, creating a substantial burden known as caregiver burden or distress. Data on caregiver distress in mothers of children with type 1 diabetes in India are scarce.</p> Objective&#xa0; <p>This study aimed to assess caregiver distress and its correlation with distress in children and glycemic control.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care center in Telangana, involving mothers and their children (aged 8–17 years) with type 1 diabetes over four months. We used the Problem Areas in Diabetes-Parent Revised (PAID-PR) and Problem Areas in Diabetes-Pediatric (PAID-Ped) scales to assess distress in mothers and children, respectively. A score of 3 or higher was considered indicative of a somewhat serious or serious problem.</p> Results <p>The study included 61 children and their mothers. The mean HbA1c was 10 ± 2.9%. Mothers (45.8 ± 17) had significantly higher total distress scores than children (40 ± 17.2). Subdomain analysis showed that emotional (42.7 ± 20.6 vs 34.2 ± 18.3) and social support issues (51.3 ± 24.8 vs 42.6 ± 25.6) more prominent in mothers, while children experienced higher distress related to food and treatment management. The distress levels in mothers and children were not different in insulin pump managed patients when compared to basal bolus regimen. A moderate but significant correlation was found between emotional and social support distress in caregivers and children. Both total and subdomain scores in mothers and children were positively correlated with HbA1c levels.</p> Conclusion <p>Mothers experience substantial distress in managing their child’s diabetes, which correlates with the child’s distress and glycemic control. It is crucial to assess and address distress in caregivers and children for holistic and effective diabetes management.</p>