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Background <p>Diabetic foot infection represents a significant complication of diabetes mellitus, often leading to hospitalization and limb amputation. Identifying the causative agent of diabetic foot infection and promptly initiating suitable antimicrobial therapy is crucial for managing and preventing complications associated with diabetic foot ulcers.&#xa0;</p> Objective <p>We conducted this study to determine the bacteriological profile of diabetic foot ulcers and detect the MDR pattern of isolates from a diabetic hospital in Dinajpur.</p> Methods <p>A total of 30 pus samples were collected from foot ulcer patients, and phenotypic identification was done by cultural and biochemical tests where molecular characterization of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (16E1 and 16E2 primers) were applied and modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion techniques were used for the antibiogram study.</p> Results <p>Out of 46 isolates, the highest prevalence was observed in gram-positive isolates of <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (41.30%), followed by <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. (32.61%), and <i>E. coli</i> (26.09%), respectively. In addition, 33.33% predominant <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. was found in 61–70&#xa0;year-old foot infection patients. According to CLSI guidelines, <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. showed high resistance to oxacillin, gentamicin, and linezolid at 100%, whereas 100% resistance was recorded to ampicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline, imipenem, and cotrimoxazole in <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. showed 100% resistance to ampicillin, pefloxacin, tetracycline, imipenem, and cotrimazole, respectively. Virulence genes of <i>E. coli</i> with 584&#xa0;bp and 144&#xa0;bp of <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. were found on gel combs. Very interestingly, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd generation antibiotics also have resistance against pathogenic isolates and have significant public health and economic losses for patients.</p> Conclusion <p>This study demonstrated that the prevalence of <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. elevates the likelihood of diabetic foot infection. It is imperative to create novel antimicrobials and therapeutic agents for diabetic foot patients that exhibit high efficacy, minimal side effects, simple accessibility, and affordability.</p>

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Characterization and detection of antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria isolated from diabetic foot infections of diabetic patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月5日

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  • A. S. M. Mohiuddin,
  • Md. Aoulad Hosen,
  • Nazmi Ara Rumi,
  • Md. Khaled Hossain,
  • Zakaria Ahmed Sany,
  • Md. Shiblee Sadik Sabuj,
  • Turki M. Dawoud,
  • Mohammed Bourhia

摘要

Background

Diabetic foot infection represents a significant complication of diabetes mellitus, often leading to hospitalization and limb amputation. Identifying the causative agent of diabetic foot infection and promptly initiating suitable antimicrobial therapy is crucial for managing and preventing complications associated with diabetic foot ulcers. 

Objective

We conducted this study to determine the bacteriological profile of diabetic foot ulcers and detect the MDR pattern of isolates from a diabetic hospital in Dinajpur.

Methods

A total of 30 pus samples were collected from foot ulcer patients, and phenotypic identification was done by cultural and biochemical tests where molecular characterization of Escherichia coli (16E1 and 16E2 primers) were applied and modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion techniques were used for the antibiogram study.

Results

Out of 46 isolates, the highest prevalence was observed in gram-positive isolates of Staphylococcus spp. (41.30%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (32.61%), and E. coli (26.09%), respectively. In addition, 33.33% predominant Staphylococcus spp. was found in 61–70 year-old foot infection patients. According to CLSI guidelines, Staphylococcus spp. showed high resistance to oxacillin, gentamicin, and linezolid at 100%, whereas 100% resistance was recorded to ampicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline, imipenem, and cotrimoxazole in E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. showed 100% resistance to ampicillin, pefloxacin, tetracycline, imipenem, and cotrimazole, respectively. Virulence genes of E. coli with 584 bp and 144 bp of Staphylococcus spp. were found on gel combs. Very interestingly, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd generation antibiotics also have resistance against pathogenic isolates and have significant public health and economic losses for patients.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that the prevalence of Staphylococcus spp. elevates the likelihood of diabetic foot infection. It is imperative to create novel antimicrobials and therapeutic agents for diabetic foot patients that exhibit high efficacy, minimal side effects, simple accessibility, and affordability.