Association between serum concentration of HSP-70, C-peptide, and VDBP with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease caused by the combination of two basic factors: insufficient insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells or a failure of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond adequately to insulin.

In the presented study we aimed to investigate the serum levels of Vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), C-peptide, Heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), and biochemical markers in obese women with type 2 diabetes and their possible correlation with the pathogenesis of T2DM.

A case-control study was performed on 50 T2DM patients and 50 control individuals. The ELISA kits were used to measure serum levels of VDBP, HSP-70, and C-peptide. Furthermore, random serum glucose was measured by the enzymatic colorimetric method, and HbA1c% was assessed using the HPLC method. Finally, the sensitivity and specificity of the studied biomarker were evaluated by the ROC analysis.

The serum levels of HSP-70 and VDBP in age groups ranging between 30–42 and 41–53 years showed no significant differences. In addition, C-peptide was significantly decreased and HBA1c% was significantly increased in T2DM. In contrast, in the age group ranging between 55–76 years, the serum levels of HSP-70, VDBP, and HbA1c% were increased significantly and the C-peptide level was decreased significantly in T2DM patients. Analysis of the optimal diagnostic points in cases of T2DM indicated that C-peptide is the most interesting significant prediction of T2DM in obese cases.

To the best of our knowledge, this is a detailed study about analyzing the optimal diagnostic points for predicting T2DM cases using HSP-70, VDBP, and C-peptide levels.