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<p>Nine biomass pellet formulations, four raw agricultural residues (coconut petiole, palm petiole, coconut husk, and sugarcane leaves) and five strategic composite blends, were combustion-tested in a purpose-built top-lit updraft micro-gasifier using the Water Boiling Test protocol to identify high-performance, low-emission solid biofuel options for domestic cooking and agro-processing. Pellets were characterized for proximate, ultimate, and calorific properties, and thermogravimetric kinetics were assessed by the Coats–Redfern integral method. Coconut petiole content was the dominant compositional driver of energy performance (R² = 0.826 for higher heating value; R² = 0.910 for thermal efficiency across composite blends), while the oxygen-to-carbon atomic ratio was the strongest chemical predictor of specific energy (R² = 0.975) across all formulations. The optimal composite blend achieved the highest thermal efficiency (41.09%) and lowest specific fuel consumption (0.137&#xa0;kg MJ⁻¹), jointly attaining the lowest particulate matter emissions with the high palm petiole formulation. Under all five stakeholder weighting scenarios of the Composite Performance Index, the optimal blend ranked first; the high palm petiole blend demonstrated superior gaseous pollutant profiles and is recommended for indoor air quality priority applications. An evidence-based multi-parameter framework for converting underutilized agricultural residues into high-performance solid biofuels is presented; applicability to turmeric parboiling requires direct field validation.</p>

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Strategic blending of agricultural residues for high-performance biomass fuels: multi-parameter evaluation of energy efficiency and emission characteristics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Pradeep Kumar K,
  • M. Easwaramoorthi,
  • P. Sandhiyadevi

摘要

Nine biomass pellet formulations, four raw agricultural residues (coconut petiole, palm petiole, coconut husk, and sugarcane leaves) and five strategic composite blends, were combustion-tested in a purpose-built top-lit updraft micro-gasifier using the Water Boiling Test protocol to identify high-performance, low-emission solid biofuel options for domestic cooking and agro-processing. Pellets were characterized for proximate, ultimate, and calorific properties, and thermogravimetric kinetics were assessed by the Coats–Redfern integral method. Coconut petiole content was the dominant compositional driver of energy performance (R² = 0.826 for higher heating value; R² = 0.910 for thermal efficiency across composite blends), while the oxygen-to-carbon atomic ratio was the strongest chemical predictor of specific energy (R² = 0.975) across all formulations. The optimal composite blend achieved the highest thermal efficiency (41.09%) and lowest specific fuel consumption (0.137 kg MJ⁻¹), jointly attaining the lowest particulate matter emissions with the high palm petiole formulation. Under all five stakeholder weighting scenarios of the Composite Performance Index, the optimal blend ranked first; the high palm petiole blend demonstrated superior gaseous pollutant profiles and is recommended for indoor air quality priority applications. An evidence-based multi-parameter framework for converting underutilized agricultural residues into high-performance solid biofuels is presented; applicability to turmeric parboiling requires direct field validation.