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<p>RBOS (Rice bran oil sludge), an abundant agro-industrial waste, was investigated as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of toxic hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions. To enhance its adsorption performance, the material was subjected to calcination at 300&#xa0;°C. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the removal of volatile organic components after calcination, resulting in improved thermal stability. Surface characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed increased porosity and a rougher surface morphology compared to raw RBOS, providing more active sites for chromium adsorption. Batch adsorption studies showed optimal removal at an adsorbent dose of 0.6&#xa0;g, 10&#xa0;min contact time, and pH 1, achieving 99% chromium removal. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² = 0.99), while the equilibrium data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm (R² = 0.95), indicating chemisorption and monolayer adsorption. While thermodynamic analysis suggested a physisorption-dominated and endothermic process. The feasibility of the process was further demonstrated using a pilot-scale fixed-bed column, which treated approximately 63&#xa0;L of chromium-contaminated effluent before saturation with a bed capacity of 85.05&#xa0;mg g⁻¹. These findings demonstrate that calcined RBOS is a cost-effective and sustainable adsorbent, supporting waste valorization and circular economy principles for heavy-metal remediation.</p>

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Fixed bed analysis on the removal of chromium from water using calcined edible oil cakes from rice mill industry

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月20日

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  • Swetha Suresh Babu,
  • Lasna Kavya Varatharaju,
  • Mohamed Shifan,
  • Deepak Chakravarthy,
  • Shaik Dowlath Bibi,
  • Kamaraj Nithya,
  • Asha Sathish,
  • Selvaraju Sivamani,
  • Aswathy S. Cheruvally,
  • Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar,
  • Gayathri Rangasamy

摘要

RBOS (Rice bran oil sludge), an abundant agro-industrial waste, was investigated as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of toxic hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions. To enhance its adsorption performance, the material was subjected to calcination at 300 °C. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the removal of volatile organic components after calcination, resulting in improved thermal stability. Surface characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed increased porosity and a rougher surface morphology compared to raw RBOS, providing more active sites for chromium adsorption. Batch adsorption studies showed optimal removal at an adsorbent dose of 0.6 g, 10 min contact time, and pH 1, achieving 99% chromium removal. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² = 0.99), while the equilibrium data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm (R² = 0.95), indicating chemisorption and monolayer adsorption. While thermodynamic analysis suggested a physisorption-dominated and endothermic process. The feasibility of the process was further demonstrated using a pilot-scale fixed-bed column, which treated approximately 63 L of chromium-contaminated effluent before saturation with a bed capacity of 85.05 mg g⁻¹. These findings demonstrate that calcined RBOS is a cost-effective and sustainable adsorbent, supporting waste valorization and circular economy principles for heavy-metal remediation.