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<p>Fungi possess strong cellulolytic abilities, producing enzymes that can biodegrade complex compounds like cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. These abilities are valuable in industries, particularly those generating large amounts of waste, such as wastewater treatment plants, where hard-to-degrade compounds hinder efficient waste processing. Inoculation of the sewage sludge with autochthonous cellulolytic fungi may improve the hydrolysis and consequently methane yield, produced during anaerobic digestion. The usage of autochthonous fungi is dictated by its easier implementation not only at lab, but also at larger, industrial scale as a natural element of the substrate used. Moreover, such microorganisms usage will be not only beneficial for the process efficacy, but also safer for total community integrity regardless to scale. For the inoculation of sludge, twelve fungi strains with cellulolytic abilities were isolated, with seven capable of degrading cellulose under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Five strains, which showed the highest and similar to each other biodegradation effectivity in the pure cellulose degradation test were identified as <i>Aspergillus terreus</i> (3 strains) and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> (2 strains). All isolated anaerobic fungi have been confirmed to produce Carboxymethyl Cellulase Assay for endo-β-1,4-glucanase (CMCase) and Filter Paper Assay for saccharifying cellulase (FPU Assay/FPase). The highest FPase (0.37 FPU/mL) was provided by G11 (<i>A. fumigatus</i>), and CMCase (1.49 U/mL) by G9 (<i>A. terreus</i>). The most stable degradation of the pure cellulose in anaerobic conditions and temperature of 37&#xa0;°C in a 30-day test was provided by <i>Aspergillus terreus</i> (G3) (8.57%). Utilizing <i>Aspergillus terreus</i> in the Automatic Methane Potential Test System (AMPTS) resulted in an 11% increase in methane yield compared to untreated sludge, indicating enhanced degradation of organic matter during the anaerobic digestion. Methane yield in inoculated sludge was 164.2&#xa0;N mL CH<sub>4</sub>/g VS, whereas control samples showed 146.63&#xa0;N mL CH<sub>4</sub>/g VS. These findings highlight the potential of cellulolytic fungi to improve methane production from waste substrates.</p>

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Cellulolytic fungi from sewage sludge and their potential to improve methane fermentation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • M. Ćwiertniewicz-Wojciechowska,
  • G. Cema,
  • A. Ziembińska-Buczyńska

摘要

Fungi possess strong cellulolytic abilities, producing enzymes that can biodegrade complex compounds like cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. These abilities are valuable in industries, particularly those generating large amounts of waste, such as wastewater treatment plants, where hard-to-degrade compounds hinder efficient waste processing. Inoculation of the sewage sludge with autochthonous cellulolytic fungi may improve the hydrolysis and consequently methane yield, produced during anaerobic digestion. The usage of autochthonous fungi is dictated by its easier implementation not only at lab, but also at larger, industrial scale as a natural element of the substrate used. Moreover, such microorganisms usage will be not only beneficial for the process efficacy, but also safer for total community integrity regardless to scale. For the inoculation of sludge, twelve fungi strains with cellulolytic abilities were isolated, with seven capable of degrading cellulose under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Five strains, which showed the highest and similar to each other biodegradation effectivity in the pure cellulose degradation test were identified as Aspergillus terreus (3 strains) and Aspergillus fumigatus (2 strains). All isolated anaerobic fungi have been confirmed to produce Carboxymethyl Cellulase Assay for endo-β-1,4-glucanase (CMCase) and Filter Paper Assay for saccharifying cellulase (FPU Assay/FPase). The highest FPase (0.37 FPU/mL) was provided by G11 (A. fumigatus), and CMCase (1.49 U/mL) by G9 (A. terreus). The most stable degradation of the pure cellulose in anaerobic conditions and temperature of 37 °C in a 30-day test was provided by Aspergillus terreus (G3) (8.57%). Utilizing Aspergillus terreus in the Automatic Methane Potential Test System (AMPTS) resulted in an 11% increase in methane yield compared to untreated sludge, indicating enhanced degradation of organic matter during the anaerobic digestion. Methane yield in inoculated sludge was 164.2 N mL CH4/g VS, whereas control samples showed 146.63 N mL CH4/g VS. These findings highlight the potential of cellulolytic fungi to improve methane production from waste substrates.