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<p>This study focuses on the sustainable production of hydrogen and the simultaneous reduction of emissions through the catalytic processing of ammonia-treated Jatropha oil blends, integrated with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The Jatropha oil blend, comprising 70% Jatropha oil and 30% palm oil, was treated with 5% ammonia at 100&#xa0;°C for 2&#xa0;h, altering its chemical structure to enhance reactivity and catalytic efficiency. Zinc-based ZIF-8 MOFs synthesized through a solvothermal process exhibited a surface area of 920&#xa0;m²/g, while GQDs prepared via hydrothermal treatment had a size range of 2–5&#xa0;nm and a surface area of 420&#xa0;m²/g. These catalysts facilitated a hydrogen yield of 165 mmol/g at 500&#xa0;°C and 7 wt% catalyst concentration, demonstrating a significant increase compared to 95 mmol/g at 3 wt% catalyst concentration under similar conditions. Emissions of CO₂ and unburned hydrocarbons were reduced by 35% and 42%, respectively, due to the optimized catalytic properties of the MOFs and GQDs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the catalysts, while ammonia treatment improved feedstock stability and reactivity by increasing the availability of reactive hydrogen atoms. The synergy between MOFs and GQDs enabled higher hydrogen yields and lower emission levels by enhancing reaction kinetics and reducing carbon-carbon bond strength. These findings underline the potential of ammonia-treated bio-oils with advanced catalysts to serve as a sustainable and efficient pathway for hydrogen production, offering a significant step toward reducing carbon emissions and advancing renewable energy technologies.</p>

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Innovative hydrogen extraction and emission reduction in ammonia-treated Jatropha oil blends with metal organic frameworks and graphene quantum dots as catalysts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月27日

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  • Vinoth kanna I,
  • Raja Subramani,
  • Maher Ali Rusho

摘要

This study focuses on the sustainable production of hydrogen and the simultaneous reduction of emissions through the catalytic processing of ammonia-treated Jatropha oil blends, integrated with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The Jatropha oil blend, comprising 70% Jatropha oil and 30% palm oil, was treated with 5% ammonia at 100 °C for 2 h, altering its chemical structure to enhance reactivity and catalytic efficiency. Zinc-based ZIF-8 MOFs synthesized through a solvothermal process exhibited a surface area of 920 m²/g, while GQDs prepared via hydrothermal treatment had a size range of 2–5 nm and a surface area of 420 m²/g. These catalysts facilitated a hydrogen yield of 165 mmol/g at 500 °C and 7 wt% catalyst concentration, demonstrating a significant increase compared to 95 mmol/g at 3 wt% catalyst concentration under similar conditions. Emissions of CO₂ and unburned hydrocarbons were reduced by 35% and 42%, respectively, due to the optimized catalytic properties of the MOFs and GQDs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the catalysts, while ammonia treatment improved feedstock stability and reactivity by increasing the availability of reactive hydrogen atoms. The synergy between MOFs and GQDs enabled higher hydrogen yields and lower emission levels by enhancing reaction kinetics and reducing carbon-carbon bond strength. These findings underline the potential of ammonia-treated bio-oils with advanced catalysts to serve as a sustainable and efficient pathway for hydrogen production, offering a significant step toward reducing carbon emissions and advancing renewable energy technologies.