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<p>This study investigates the potential of a low-cost, 3D anode derived from waste <i>Cassia Fistula</i> pod biomass for improving textile dye wastewater treatment in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) while enhancing power generation. The porous structure of the 3D anode promoted microbial colonization and boosted electrogenesis. Experimental results demonstrated that MFCs equipped with the 3D anode outperformed those using commercial carbon anodes, achieving a maximum voltage of 971 mV, a peak power density of 275 mW/m², a COD removal efficiency of 90%, a decolorization efficiency of 81.6%, and a TDS removal efficiency of 86%. Structural changes in the 3D anode after MFC operation were analyzed using SEM, EDX, and FTIR, with SEM confirming enhanced biofilm formation due to anode surface deposition. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the 3D anode as a biofilm-enhancing electrode, presenting a promising strategy for wastewater treatment in MFCs. </p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Enhanced textile dye wastewater treatment and power generation in single-chamber air-cathode microbial fuel cells using a 3D anode derived from Cassia fistula biomass

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月27日

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  • Kumar Sonu,
  • Gurpreet Singh

摘要

This study investigates the potential of a low-cost, 3D anode derived from waste Cassia Fistula pod biomass for improving textile dye wastewater treatment in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) while enhancing power generation. The porous structure of the 3D anode promoted microbial colonization and boosted electrogenesis. Experimental results demonstrated that MFCs equipped with the 3D anode outperformed those using commercial carbon anodes, achieving a maximum voltage of 971 mV, a peak power density of 275 mW/m², a COD removal efficiency of 90%, a decolorization efficiency of 81.6%, and a TDS removal efficiency of 86%. Structural changes in the 3D anode after MFC operation were analyzed using SEM, EDX, and FTIR, with SEM confirming enhanced biofilm formation due to anode surface deposition. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the 3D anode as a biofilm-enhancing electrode, presenting a promising strategy for wastewater treatment in MFCs.

Graphical abstract