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<p>Biomass refining of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of platform chemicals and biomaterials provides a new avenue for high-value conversion of agroforestry waste. In this study, a green and recyclable choline chloride/pyruvic acid (ChCl/PA) pretreatment was developed for the fractionation of peanut shells (PS), and the solid residues and extracted lignin were measured and characterized. The results showed that DES pretreatment was effective in removing 73.46% hemicellulose and 65.05% lignin under the optimal conditions, most of the cellulose was retained in solid residues (cellulose-rich fractions, RCF). Enzymatic hydrolysis of RCF, the glucose yield was significantly increased by 2.4-fold to 65.06% compared with the raw material (Raw). The DES-extracted lignin (DESL) exhibited a low Mw (1548&#xa0;g/mol) and a high content of β-O-4′ bonds (42.34%, which is about 70% of that of milled wood lignin). Meanwhile, the utilization of DESL in sunscreens is advantageous due to its excellent UV-shielding properties, high phenolic hydroxyl content (164.83 ± 0.09&#xa0;mg GAE/100&#xa0;mg lignin), good antioxidant activity, and light color (WI = 52.09 ± 0.24). This study demonstrates a simple and efficient strategy for the high-value conversion of agroforestry waste, with potential applications in sustainable biorefineries and functional material development.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Co-production of glucose and light-colored lignin from peanut shells using pyruvic acid-based deep eutectic solvent pretreatment: process optimization and characterization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月23日

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  • Shili Gu,
  • Junyu Chen,
  • Junfei Tian,
  • Azadeh Nilghaz,
  • Xiaofang Wan

摘要

Biomass refining of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of platform chemicals and biomaterials provides a new avenue for high-value conversion of agroforestry waste. In this study, a green and recyclable choline chloride/pyruvic acid (ChCl/PA) pretreatment was developed for the fractionation of peanut shells (PS), and the solid residues and extracted lignin were measured and characterized. The results showed that DES pretreatment was effective in removing 73.46% hemicellulose and 65.05% lignin under the optimal conditions, most of the cellulose was retained in solid residues (cellulose-rich fractions, RCF). Enzymatic hydrolysis of RCF, the glucose yield was significantly increased by 2.4-fold to 65.06% compared with the raw material (Raw). The DES-extracted lignin (DESL) exhibited a low Mw (1548 g/mol) and a high content of β-O-4′ bonds (42.34%, which is about 70% of that of milled wood lignin). Meanwhile, the utilization of DESL in sunscreens is advantageous due to its excellent UV-shielding properties, high phenolic hydroxyl content (164.83 ± 0.09 mg GAE/100 mg lignin), good antioxidant activity, and light color (WI = 52.09 ± 0.24). This study demonstrates a simple and efficient strategy for the high-value conversion of agroforestry waste, with potential applications in sustainable biorefineries and functional material development.

Graphical Abstract