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<p>Due to the poor biodegradability and environmental harm of mineral-based lubricants, the development and application of biolubricants are increasing. However, the unsatisfactory low temperature fluidity and poor oxidation stability of vegetable oils limit their direct use as a lubricant. This work provided a modification method of soybean oil (SBO) by epoxidation and oxirane ring opening reactions and esterification reaction. OIS-ESO-BA, OIS-ESO-IA and OIS-ESO-OA named by systematic nomenclature are products obtained by esterification of three different anhydrides (butyric anhydride, isovaleric anhydride, and octanoic anhydride) with the ring opening product, respectively. It was proved to be an effective modification method, and the aimed products can be potentially used as biolubricants. The experimental results showed that compared with SBO, the pour points of OIS-ESO-BA, OIS-ESO-IA and OIS-ESO-OA were reduced by 13, 18, and 25&#xa0;°C, respectively, and it can be due to that anhydrides with different chain lengths disrupt the regularity of the molecule and promote the formation of microcrystalline structures, thus lowering the pour point. Meanwhile the oxidation stability of OIS-ESO-BA, OIS-ESO-IA and OIS-ESO-OA were increased by 22%, 37.5%, and 60%, respectively, and the improvement can be the easily oxidizable unsaturated double bond in SBO is eliminated. Tribological tests confirmed that the biolubricants exhibited good lubricating properties. These findings provide an efficient way for the evaluation of vegetable oils as biolubricants.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Synthesis of branched biolubricants from soybean oil for enhanced anti-oxidation and low-temperature properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月23日

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  • Zichen Shang,
  • Jingzhou Liu,
  • Zeni Zheng,
  • Weidong Li,
  • Jiahui Shi,
  • Sheng Han,
  • Jincan Yan

摘要

Due to the poor biodegradability and environmental harm of mineral-based lubricants, the development and application of biolubricants are increasing. However, the unsatisfactory low temperature fluidity and poor oxidation stability of vegetable oils limit their direct use as a lubricant. This work provided a modification method of soybean oil (SBO) by epoxidation and oxirane ring opening reactions and esterification reaction. OIS-ESO-BA, OIS-ESO-IA and OIS-ESO-OA named by systematic nomenclature are products obtained by esterification of three different anhydrides (butyric anhydride, isovaleric anhydride, and octanoic anhydride) with the ring opening product, respectively. It was proved to be an effective modification method, and the aimed products can be potentially used as biolubricants. The experimental results showed that compared with SBO, the pour points of OIS-ESO-BA, OIS-ESO-IA and OIS-ESO-OA were reduced by 13, 18, and 25 °C, respectively, and it can be due to that anhydrides with different chain lengths disrupt the regularity of the molecule and promote the formation of microcrystalline structures, thus lowering the pour point. Meanwhile the oxidation stability of OIS-ESO-BA, OIS-ESO-IA and OIS-ESO-OA were increased by 22%, 37.5%, and 60%, respectively, and the improvement can be the easily oxidizable unsaturated double bond in SBO is eliminated. Tribological tests confirmed that the biolubricants exhibited good lubricating properties. These findings provide an efficient way for the evaluation of vegetable oils as biolubricants.

Graphical Abstract