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<p>This research reports the fabrication and performance evaluation of a sustainable hybrid composite developed using bamboo fiber and silane functionalized biosilica nanoparticles synthesized from <i>Manihot esculenta</i> (cassava) tuber skins. The biosilica was obtained through a green sol-gel route and surface modified with 3-Aminoprpyltrimethoxysilane (3-APTMS) to enhance compatibility and dispersion within the epoxy matrix. Composite specimens containing a constant bamboo fiber loading (40 vol%) and varying biosilica contents (1–5 vol%) were produced via hand lay-up method. The mechanical characterization revealed that the composite with 3 vol% biosilica (RBB2) revealed the best overall performance succeeding a tensile strength of 142&#xa0;MPa, flexural strength of 165&#xa0;MPa, compressive strength of 150&#xa0;MPa, impact strength of 6.2&#xa0;J and hardness of 90 shore D. The thermal conductivity of RBB2 decreased to 0.28&#xa0;W/mK, reflecting improved insulation characteristics, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed a final degradation temperature of 382&#xa0;°C, confirming superior thermal stability. The synergistic action between the bamboo fiber and silane treated biosilica significantly enhanced interfacial adhesion, load transfer and barrier resistance. The research establishes that biosilica nanoparticles derived from agro-waste can serve as effective nanofillers in fiber composites, providing an environmentally friendly pathway toward high strength, thermally stable and lightweight materials.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Green-synthesized silane-modified biosilica from Manihot esculenta tuber skins and its reinforcing effect on bamboo fibre epoxy composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月23日

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  • A. Srithar,
  • Seeniappan Kaliappan,
  • L. Natrayan,
  • Ramya M

摘要

This research reports the fabrication and performance evaluation of a sustainable hybrid composite developed using bamboo fiber and silane functionalized biosilica nanoparticles synthesized from Manihot esculenta (cassava) tuber skins. The biosilica was obtained through a green sol-gel route and surface modified with 3-Aminoprpyltrimethoxysilane (3-APTMS) to enhance compatibility and dispersion within the epoxy matrix. Composite specimens containing a constant bamboo fiber loading (40 vol%) and varying biosilica contents (1–5 vol%) were produced via hand lay-up method. The mechanical characterization revealed that the composite with 3 vol% biosilica (RBB2) revealed the best overall performance succeeding a tensile strength of 142 MPa, flexural strength of 165 MPa, compressive strength of 150 MPa, impact strength of 6.2 J and hardness of 90 shore D. The thermal conductivity of RBB2 decreased to 0.28 W/mK, reflecting improved insulation characteristics, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed a final degradation temperature of 382 °C, confirming superior thermal stability. The synergistic action between the bamboo fiber and silane treated biosilica significantly enhanced interfacial adhesion, load transfer and barrier resistance. The research establishes that biosilica nanoparticles derived from agro-waste can serve as effective nanofillers in fiber composites, providing an environmentally friendly pathway toward high strength, thermally stable and lightweight materials.

Graphical abstract