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<p>This study explores the potential of activated carbons (ACs) derived from invasive Crofton weed biomass for bisphenol A (BPA) removal from aqueous solutions. Chemical activation using ZnCl<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> produced ACs with distinct surface properties. ZnCl<sub>2</sub>-activated carbon (ZCWAC100) exhibited the highest specific surface area (1374 m<sup>2</sup>⋅g<sup>−1</sup>) and adsorption capacity (315.6&#xa0;mg⋅g<sup>−1</sup>), followed by H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-activated carbon (HCWAC10) and commercial Darco G-60 (220.3&#xa0;mg⋅g<sup>−1</sup>). Adsorption kinetics were well described by pseudo-second-order models, with HCWAC10 achieving equilibrium within 120&#xa0;min due to its wider pores, while ZCWAC100 followed a dual mechanism of intra-particle and film diffusion. Adsorption isotherms best fitted the Sips and dual-site Langmuir models. BPA removal efficiency decreased in real wastewater due to competition from organic and inorganic constituents, yet ZCWAC100 maintained the highest performance. This work highlights the dual benefits of repurposing invasive plant biomass into cost-effective ACs for sustainable water treatment solutions.</p>

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Upcycling invasive Crofton weed (agro-waste) into functional activated carbons for sustainable bisphenol A removal from hospital waste-water

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月13日

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  • Anuj Chauhan,
  • Swati Chandola,
  • Riya Aneja,
  • Kanchan Deoli Bahukhandi,
  • Vipin Kumar Saini

摘要

This study explores the potential of activated carbons (ACs) derived from invasive Crofton weed biomass for bisphenol A (BPA) removal from aqueous solutions. Chemical activation using ZnCl2 and H3PO4 produced ACs with distinct surface properties. ZnCl2-activated carbon (ZCWAC100) exhibited the highest specific surface area (1374 m2⋅g−1) and adsorption capacity (315.6 mg⋅g−1), followed by H3PO4-activated carbon (HCWAC10) and commercial Darco G-60 (220.3 mg⋅g−1). Adsorption kinetics were well described by pseudo-second-order models, with HCWAC10 achieving equilibrium within 120 min due to its wider pores, while ZCWAC100 followed a dual mechanism of intra-particle and film diffusion. Adsorption isotherms best fitted the Sips and dual-site Langmuir models. BPA removal efficiency decreased in real wastewater due to competition from organic and inorganic constituents, yet ZCWAC100 maintained the highest performance. This work highlights the dual benefits of repurposing invasive plant biomass into cost-effective ACs for sustainable water treatment solutions.