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<p>In this study, sodium alginate (SA) and sodium alginate/graphene oxide (SA/GO) beads were used to remove copper ions (Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption experiments were conducted under optimized conditions: pH 5, a contact time of 240&#xa0;min, an adsorbent dose of 2&#xa0;g/L, and an initial Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺ concentration of 100&#xa0;mg/L. The adsorption kinetics were best described by the pseudo-second-order model, suggesting chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 83.33&#xa0;mg/g for SA/GO beads. Thermodynamic studies indicated the process was spontaneous and endothermic. The SA/GO beads demonstrated enhanced copper removal efficiency compared to SA beads, with a removal efficiency of 93.5% at 200&#xa0;mg/L Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺ concentration. Computational studies, including density functional theory (DFT), confirmed strong interactions between Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺ ions and the functional groups on the adsorbent surface. The novelty of this study lies in the synergistic effect of GO incorporation into SA beads, offering a promising and efficient approach for heavy metal removal from wastewater.</p>

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Utilization of Nigella sativa seed biomass for copper (II) adsorption from aqueous solutions and wastewater: performance evaluation, kinetics, thermodynamics, and theoretical insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月3日

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  • Abdelhamid Addala,
  • Moussa Boudiaf,
  • Zahia Zizi,
  • Kaouthar Ahmouda,
  • Djamel Barani,
  • Embarek Bentouhami,
  • Maria Elektorowicz,
  • Yacine Benguerba,
  • Omar Ben Mya

摘要

In this study, sodium alginate (SA) and sodium alginate/graphene oxide (SA/GO) beads were used to remove copper ions (Cu2⁺) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption experiments were conducted under optimized conditions: pH 5, a contact time of 240 min, an adsorbent dose of 2 g/L, and an initial Cu2⁺ concentration of 100 mg/L. The adsorption kinetics were best described by the pseudo-second-order model, suggesting chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 83.33 mg/g for SA/GO beads. Thermodynamic studies indicated the process was spontaneous and endothermic. The SA/GO beads demonstrated enhanced copper removal efficiency compared to SA beads, with a removal efficiency of 93.5% at 200 mg/L Cu2⁺ concentration. Computational studies, including density functional theory (DFT), confirmed strong interactions between Cu2⁺ ions and the functional groups on the adsorbent surface. The novelty of this study lies in the synergistic effect of GO incorporation into SA beads, offering a promising and efficient approach for heavy metal removal from wastewater.