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<p>5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important platform compound that can be used to synthesize drugs, fine chemicals, fuels, and biodegradable plastics. Synthesis of HMF from cellulose is a key step in the production of high-value-added chemicals and fuels from renewable cellulosic biomass. Herein, a cheap way to produce HMF from cellulose was found in this study. Combination of inexpensive metal salts and inorganic acids shows exciting catalytic efficiency in tetrahydrofuran (THF)/H<sub>2</sub>O system. In this article, the effects of key factors such as water/organic solvent ratio, metal salt type, and concentration on the synthesis of HMF from cellulose were investigated. A maximum HMF yield of 46.5% was obtained with high substrate loading (50&#xa0;g/L) when H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> was used as mixed acid catalysts. Reaction kinetics experiments revealed that combination of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> could effectively reduce the activation energy of cellulose hydrolysis, glucose isomerization, and fructose dehydration compared to the single H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and single Al<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> system. Fortunately, the purity of HMF after separation and purification was up to 98.3%, and both the solvent and the extractant can be recycled. A promising strategy is provided for HMF production from cellulose over simple catalysts.</p>

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Preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from cellulose catalyzed by mixed acid: optimization and kinetics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月3日

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  • Yu Jia,
  • Xuanyu Liang,
  • Hongge Tao,
  • Binglin Chen,
  • Chao He,
  • Youzhou Jiao,
  • Guizhuan Xu

摘要

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important platform compound that can be used to synthesize drugs, fine chemicals, fuels, and biodegradable plastics. Synthesis of HMF from cellulose is a key step in the production of high-value-added chemicals and fuels from renewable cellulosic biomass. Herein, a cheap way to produce HMF from cellulose was found in this study. Combination of inexpensive metal salts and inorganic acids shows exciting catalytic efficiency in tetrahydrofuran (THF)/H2O system. In this article, the effects of key factors such as water/organic solvent ratio, metal salt type, and concentration on the synthesis of HMF from cellulose were investigated. A maximum HMF yield of 46.5% was obtained with high substrate loading (50 g/L) when H2SO4 and Al2(SO4)3 was used as mixed acid catalysts. Reaction kinetics experiments revealed that combination of H2SO4 and Al2(SO4)3 could effectively reduce the activation energy of cellulose hydrolysis, glucose isomerization, and fructose dehydration compared to the single H2SO4 and single Al2(SO4)3 system. Fortunately, the purity of HMF after separation and purification was up to 98.3%, and both the solvent and the extractant can be recycled. A promising strategy is provided for HMF production from cellulose over simple catalysts.