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<p>This study investigates the sustainable use of fish skin waste for the production of chrome-free leather and offers an eco-friendly alternative to traditional leather processing, which involves harmful chemicals like chromium. The research focused on standardizing leather from the skin waste of Cobia (<i>Rachycentron canadum</i>). Non-chrome treatment was done using three ratios of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and glycerin (Gly) over 4, 7, 14, and 30&#xa0;days. The proximate composition of skin included 64.57% of moisture, 27.53% of crude protein, 5.56% of crude fat, and 2.59% of ash. Collagen in the skin was extracted using the acid-soluble method, as collagen plays an important role in structural stability and quality of leather, and the yield was about 18.5%. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of collagen indicated the triple helical structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed the spongy, porous, and fibrous collagen structure. Histological analysis revealed the effectiveness of tanning as optical images showed the structural change in collagen fiber bundle arrangement after treatment. Leather tanned for 14&#xa0;days with a 1:1 ratio of glycerin and IPA showed good textural properties with 17.35 N/mm<sup>2</sup> of tensile strength, 62.12 N/mm of tear resistance, and 80.78% elongation at break. Sensory evaluation of developed Cobia leather suggested the consumer acceptability of the leather with the highest rating obtained for dyed leather. These findings conclude that Cobia fish skin waste can be an eco-friendly alternative for the leather industry, also offering a way to reduce fish waste and environmental pollution.</p>

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Sustainable utilization of Cobia fish (Rachycentron canadum) skin for leather production using chrome-free tanning

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月27日

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  • Shreya Kotian,
  • Manjanaik Bojayanaik,
  • Alakuntla Preethi,
  • Ananya Thimmappa,
  • Sachin Dnyanoba Chavan,
  • Kirankumar Gopalbhai Baraiya,
  • Sagar Naik Chandra Naik,
  • Pavan Kumar Dara,
  • Veena Shetty Alandur,
  • Kishanprasad Hosapatna Laximinarayana,
  • Vijay Kumar Reddy Surasani

摘要

This study investigates the sustainable use of fish skin waste for the production of chrome-free leather and offers an eco-friendly alternative to traditional leather processing, which involves harmful chemicals like chromium. The research focused on standardizing leather from the skin waste of Cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Non-chrome treatment was done using three ratios of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and glycerin (Gly) over 4, 7, 14, and 30 days. The proximate composition of skin included 64.57% of moisture, 27.53% of crude protein, 5.56% of crude fat, and 2.59% of ash. Collagen in the skin was extracted using the acid-soluble method, as collagen plays an important role in structural stability and quality of leather, and the yield was about 18.5%. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of collagen indicated the triple helical structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed the spongy, porous, and fibrous collagen structure. Histological analysis revealed the effectiveness of tanning as optical images showed the structural change in collagen fiber bundle arrangement after treatment. Leather tanned for 14 days with a 1:1 ratio of glycerin and IPA showed good textural properties with 17.35 N/mm2 of tensile strength, 62.12 N/mm of tear resistance, and 80.78% elongation at break. Sensory evaluation of developed Cobia leather suggested the consumer acceptability of the leather with the highest rating obtained for dyed leather. These findings conclude that Cobia fish skin waste can be an eco-friendly alternative for the leather industry, also offering a way to reduce fish waste and environmental pollution.