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<p>This study explores the development of urea-functionalized hydrochar from <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> wood (LW) for CO<sub>2</sub> capture. Hydrochar was produced via hydrothermal carbonization at 170&#xa0;°C for 90&#xa0;min and subsequently functionalized with urea. The effects of urea: hydrochar ratio (1:1 to 3:1), activation temperature (400–800&#xa0;°C), and heating rate (5–15&#xa0;°C/min) on CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity were investigated. Optimal conditions (2:1 urea: hydrochar ratio, 600&#xa0;°C activation temperature, 5° C/min heating rate) increased CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity from 13.09&#xa0;mg/g to 76.20&#xa0;mg/g. The modified adsorbent demonstrated high affinity towards CO<sub>2</sub> over N<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and O<sub>2</sub>, and maintained performance over 11 adsorption–desorption cycles. Kinetic studies revealed physisorption as the primary adsorption mechanism. In fixed-bed column tests, best performing conditions within the tested ranges (30&#xa0;ml/min flow rate, 15% CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, 30&#xa0;°C) yielded a CO<sub>2</sub> uptake of 195.54&#xa0;mg/g. This study demonstrates the potential of urea-functionalized hydrochar from <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> as an efficient, sustainable adsorbent for CO<sub>2</sub> capture.</p>

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Development of high-performance CO2 adsorbents from urea-modified Leucaena leucocephala hydrochar

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月14日

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  • Nuradibah Mohd Amer,
  • Anis Natasha Shafawi,
  • Pooya Lahijani,
  • Maedeh Mohammadi,
  • Abdul Rahman Mohamed

摘要

This study explores the development of urea-functionalized hydrochar from Leucaena leucocephala wood (LW) for CO2 capture. Hydrochar was produced via hydrothermal carbonization at 170 °C for 90 min and subsequently functionalized with urea. The effects of urea: hydrochar ratio (1:1 to 3:1), activation temperature (400–800 °C), and heating rate (5–15 °C/min) on CO2 adsorption capacity were investigated. Optimal conditions (2:1 urea: hydrochar ratio, 600 °C activation temperature, 5° C/min heating rate) increased CO2 adsorption capacity from 13.09 mg/g to 76.20 mg/g. The modified adsorbent demonstrated high affinity towards CO2 over N2, CH4, and O2, and maintained performance over 11 adsorption–desorption cycles. Kinetic studies revealed physisorption as the primary adsorption mechanism. In fixed-bed column tests, best performing conditions within the tested ranges (30 ml/min flow rate, 15% CO2 concentration, 30 °C) yielded a CO2 uptake of 195.54 mg/g. This study demonstrates the potential of urea-functionalized hydrochar from Leucaena leucocephala as an efficient, sustainable adsorbent for CO2 capture.