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<p>This research study focuses on the potential utilization of Malabar grouper fish (<i>Epinephelus malabaricus</i>) skin for chrome-free leather production. The skin was subjected to treatment with calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) followed by non-chrome tanning using isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and glycerin (Gly) at three different ratios of 1:0.5 (T1), 1:1 (T2) and 0.5:1 (T3) for 4, 7, 14 and 30&#xa0;days respectively. The proximate composition of the skin was 65.12% of moisture, 27.79% protein, 7.11% of fat and 0.92% of ash. Acid-soluble collagen (ASC) yield was 14.42%. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the presence of type I collagen, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the crystalline structure of ASC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a fibrous, nodular structure. The treated skin (14&#xa0;days, 1:1 (T2)) produced promising results and exhibited tensile strength (9.97 N/mm<sup>2</sup>), tear resistance (60.91 N/mm) and elongation at break (80.78%). Histological analysis confirmed the intactness of collage fibres, essential for producing high-quality leather. Sensory evaluation of the dyed leather received high acceptability with a score of 8.44. This study provides innovative methods and technology to address the issue of fish skin waste management, offering an eco-friendly solution and circular economy for the leather industry.</p>

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Valorisation of Malabar grouper fish (Epinephelus malabaricus) skin into quality leather

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月8日

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  • Raj Kumar John Kumar,
  • Manjanaik Bojayanaik,
  • Preethi Alakuntla,
  • Ananya Thimmappa,
  • Sachin Dnyanoba Chavan,
  • Sagar Naik Chandra Naik,
  • Pavan Kumar Dara,
  • Veena Shetty Alandur,
  • Kishanprasad Hosapatna Laximinarayana,
  • Vijay Kumar Reddy Surasani

摘要

This research study focuses on the potential utilization of Malabar grouper fish (Epinephelus malabaricus) skin for chrome-free leather production. The skin was subjected to treatment with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) followed by non-chrome tanning using isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and glycerin (Gly) at three different ratios of 1:0.5 (T1), 1:1 (T2) and 0.5:1 (T3) for 4, 7, 14 and 30 days respectively. The proximate composition of the skin was 65.12% of moisture, 27.79% protein, 7.11% of fat and 0.92% of ash. Acid-soluble collagen (ASC) yield was 14.42%. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the presence of type I collagen, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the crystalline structure of ASC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a fibrous, nodular structure. The treated skin (14 days, 1:1 (T2)) produced promising results and exhibited tensile strength (9.97 N/mm2), tear resistance (60.91 N/mm) and elongation at break (80.78%). Histological analysis confirmed the intactness of collage fibres, essential for producing high-quality leather. Sensory evaluation of the dyed leather received high acceptability with a score of 8.44. This study provides innovative methods and technology to address the issue of fish skin waste management, offering an eco-friendly solution and circular economy for the leather industry.