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<p>This study reports the development of a photocatalytic nanocomposite (CQDs/CNTs) by conjugating carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), aimed at enhancing the visible-light-driven photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes. Okra waste served as the carbon source for synthesizing the CQDs via a hydrothermal process and dispersed in CNTs solution to form CQDs/CNTs nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was characterized using FTIR, XPS, XRD, SEM, EDX, and Raman spectroscopy. FTIR and XPS analyses revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, ether, and alkyl groups on the surface of the CQDs/CNTs. XRD analysis indicates the formation of new crystalline phases due to the interaction between CQDs and CNTs. The crystalline size of the nanocomposite was calculated to be 15.4&#xa0;nm. SEM and EDX confirmed successful adhesion of CQDs to the CNT surface, with carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen being the predominant elements. The Raman spectra showed characteristic D and G bands for both CQDs and CNTs, confirming the CQDs/CNTs nanocomposite’s structure. Optical properties, including UV–Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, demonstrated strong absorption peaks at 275&#xa0;nm and 325&#xa0;nm. The CQDs/CNTs nanocomposite achieved dye degradation rates of 98.4% for RhB and 99.1% for MO under visible light irradiation. The degradation followed Langmuir adsorption and pseudo-second-order kinetics. The nanocomposite also exhibited high stability after four repeated cycles. In addition to photocatalytic activity, fluorescence quenching studies suggested interactions between the CQD nanocomposite and lysozyme protein, hinting at potential applications in biosensing. However, the primary focus of this work is on the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, with biosensing capabilities presented as a secondary observation and an area for further investigation. This research highlights the potential of utilizing natural waste resources for the production of advanced nanomaterials aimed at both environmental and biomedical technologies.</p>

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Hydrothermal synthesis of okra waste-derived CQDs-CNTs nanocomposites: potent catalysts for pollutant degradation of RhB and MO dyes and its interaction with lysozyme protein

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月8日

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  • Uzma Meraj,
  • Esmat Laiq,
  • Rani Bushra,
  • Qurtulen,
  • Mehraj Ahmad,
  • Sugandhi Gupta,
  • Mohammad Mujahid

摘要

This study reports the development of a photocatalytic nanocomposite (CQDs/CNTs) by conjugating carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), aimed at enhancing the visible-light-driven photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes. Okra waste served as the carbon source for synthesizing the CQDs via a hydrothermal process and dispersed in CNTs solution to form CQDs/CNTs nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was characterized using FTIR, XPS, XRD, SEM, EDX, and Raman spectroscopy. FTIR and XPS analyses revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, ether, and alkyl groups on the surface of the CQDs/CNTs. XRD analysis indicates the formation of new crystalline phases due to the interaction between CQDs and CNTs. The crystalline size of the nanocomposite was calculated to be 15.4 nm. SEM and EDX confirmed successful adhesion of CQDs to the CNT surface, with carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen being the predominant elements. The Raman spectra showed characteristic D and G bands for both CQDs and CNTs, confirming the CQDs/CNTs nanocomposite’s structure. Optical properties, including UV–Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, demonstrated strong absorption peaks at 275 nm and 325 nm. The CQDs/CNTs nanocomposite achieved dye degradation rates of 98.4% for RhB and 99.1% for MO under visible light irradiation. The degradation followed Langmuir adsorption and pseudo-second-order kinetics. The nanocomposite also exhibited high stability after four repeated cycles. In addition to photocatalytic activity, fluorescence quenching studies suggested interactions between the CQD nanocomposite and lysozyme protein, hinting at potential applications in biosensing. However, the primary focus of this work is on the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, with biosensing capabilities presented as a secondary observation and an area for further investigation. This research highlights the potential of utilizing natural waste resources for the production of advanced nanomaterials aimed at both environmental and biomedical technologies.