<p>Concerns about climate change and growing oil costs have accelerated the quest for sustainable alternative fuels. Hydrogen has potential as a clean energy source, but it must be produced efficiently in order to compete with fossil fuels and minimize greenhouse gas emissions. Microbial fermentation, which utilizes waste materials and bioresources such as forestry and agricultural wastes, provides a potential solution. However, the low market value of hydrogen necessitates manufacturing methods that optimize yields while reducing energy use and expenses. This review investigates critical parameters that influence hydrogen generation, such as mixed microflora, substrate conversion, and hydrogen-producing bacteria. We highlight advances in reactor design, waste pre-treatment, and bioprocess optimization, as well as metabolic and genetic engineering approaches to overcoming obstacles in green algae-based hydrogen generation. Furthermore, recent advances in bioengineering methods to improve the efficiency and resilience of hydrogen-producing routes are discussed. Finally, we discuss future prospects, such as the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to improve bioprocess conditions and build integrated systems for efficient hydrogen generation, which will pave the way for sustainable energy solutions.</p>