Phytoassisted synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of biological properties of magnesium oxide nanoparticles obtained using Cinnamomum tamala leaf extracts

Green chemistry, a facile, economical, and environment-friendly approach that minimizes the use of chemicals compared to traditional methods, has garnered increased interest. This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and biological applications of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) from Cinnamomum tamala (bay leaf) extracts. The findings demonstrate the successful formation of MgO NPs as a visible color shift from deep brown to clear. The biosynthesized MgO NPs have a hexagonal plate-like crystalline structurewith an average particle size of 41.2 nm. By analyzing the well diffusion test results and micromorphology changes of the MgO NPs, the antibacterial efficacy of the MgO NPs against Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed. In addition, the MgO NPs exhibit remarkable antioxidant activities and are also shown to cause complete mortality (90%) of Aedes aegypti larvae, demonstrating their larvicidal efficacy. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the successful synthesis and characterization of MgO NPs, which hold great promise for diverse biomedical applications using a simple and cost-effective method.