The beneficial effects of the Algerian desert truffle Terfezia claveryi Chatin: Chemical profiling and evaluation of the biological properties

Terfezia claveryi Chatin is an obligate ectomycorrhizal hypogeous desert truffle, very rich in active compounds. Our objectives are to promote the hydro-methanolic extract by spectrophotometrically evaluating of bioactive contents and their biological activities. DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and TAC were carried out to estimate the antioxidant potential. The lysis, the anti-hemolytic, the anti-inflammatory and the α-amylase inhibitory properties were investigated. The total phenolic compounds are the majority components 82.27 ± 1.44 (µg GAE/mg extract). Through GC–MS, a total of 06 compounds were identified. The IC₅₀ value of DPPH and ABTS were respectively (251.03 ± 6,31 µg/mL), (177.64 ± 0.91 µg /mL), and the TAC value was (26.14 ± 0.22 µg AAE /mg extract). The results highlighted a low hemolytic activity 2.37 ± 0.20% at 2 mg/mL and a strong protective effect against AAPH radical-induced hemolysis, HT₅₀ (min) was 209.56 ± 0.62 (min) compared to the ascorbic acid 224.15 ± 0.65 (min) at 200 µg/mL. Tests conducted revealed a promoting potential to inhibit BSA denaturation, the level of protection at 700 and 1500 (µg/mL) was 69.41% and 83.53%, while diclofenac was 92.16% and 98.43% respectively. Truffles research remain an unexplored field, and this research provides valuable findings. According to the data collected in the current investigation, the hydro-methanolic extract of T. claveryi exhibits in vitro, anti-inflammatory and anti-hemolytic benefits and can be suitable for use in the context of a natural source to protect against inflammation and the side effects linked to oxidative stress.