Characterization of novel cellulosic fiber from agro-waste Licuala grandis leaf stalk for sustainable reinforcement in bio-composites

Bio-waste is the new source of raw materials focussed by composite industries to sort out the sustainability issues in their products and processes. This research portrays the characterization of Licuala grandis tree leaf stalk fibers (LGTLSFs) mined from leaf stalks of the Licuala grandis tree which is a floral waste. The comprehensive investigation aids in obtaining quantifiable data such as cellulose proportion (56.47 wt.%), least wax (0.27 wt.%), minimum density (1.36 g/cm³), greater crystallinity index (49%), tensile strength (312–354 MPa), and Young’s modulus (2.3–6.6 GPa) of LGTLSFs. The thermogravimetric (TGA/DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis helps in predicting the thermal behaviour of the LGTLSF and suggests thermal stability until 218 °C. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis aids in validating the results of chemical investigations. The exterior roughness of the LGTLSFs was analysed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to favour its possibility as a support material in polymer composites. Positive findings from the experiment indicate that LGTLSFs can be utilized as a supporting material in polymer composites used in structural applications.