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<p>Graphene oxide (GO) contains abundant oxygen-containing functional groups that show great promise for improving water treatment membranes. However, its application is limited by agglomeration and poor compatibility with polysulfone (PSF) matrices. To overcome these challenges, this study functionalized GO using three silane coupling agents with different chain lengths: dimethyldichlorosilane (DMDCS), 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS), and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). Modified GO/PSF hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were prepared via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). The modified GO and composite membranes were characterized by FTIR, XPS, XRD, TGA, SEM, water contact angle, mechanical testing, and static protein adsorption. The baseline membrane (18&#xa0;wt% PSF, 3&#xa0;wt% PVP) had a pure water flux of 190.5&#xa0;L·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>. Silane modification improved GO dispersion, membrane microstructure, and water permeability. The membrane with 0.5&#xa0;wt% APTES-GO exhibited the best performance: a pure water flux of 495.4&#xa0;L·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup> (2.6 times the baseline) and a tensile strength of 5.17&#xa0;MPa. It also showed flux recovery rates of 61.7% for BSA and 68% for HA, with irreversible fouling ratios reduced to 38.2 and 32%, respectively. The APTES-GO modified membrane displayed a water contact angle of 46.98° and a BSA adsorption value of 0.10&#xa0;mg/cm<sup>2</sup>, attributed to the hydrophilic and charge-modulating effects of the amine groups. This study offers an effective strategy for developing high-performance ultrafiltration membranes through interface engineering.</p>

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Silane-Functionalized Graphene Oxide for Improved Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月21日

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  • Yuanyuan Zhou,
  • Yingying Zhao,
  • Shuaibo Zhao,
  • Sihao Shao

摘要

Graphene oxide (GO) contains abundant oxygen-containing functional groups that show great promise for improving water treatment membranes. However, its application is limited by agglomeration and poor compatibility with polysulfone (PSF) matrices. To overcome these challenges, this study functionalized GO using three silane coupling agents with different chain lengths: dimethyldichlorosilane (DMDCS), 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS), and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). Modified GO/PSF hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were prepared via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). The modified GO and composite membranes were characterized by FTIR, XPS, XRD, TGA, SEM, water contact angle, mechanical testing, and static protein adsorption. The baseline membrane (18 wt% PSF, 3 wt% PVP) had a pure water flux of 190.5 L·m−2·h−1. Silane modification improved GO dispersion, membrane microstructure, and water permeability. The membrane with 0.5 wt% APTES-GO exhibited the best performance: a pure water flux of 495.4 L·m−2·h−1 (2.6 times the baseline) and a tensile strength of 5.17 MPa. It also showed flux recovery rates of 61.7% for BSA and 68% for HA, with irreversible fouling ratios reduced to 38.2 and 32%, respectively. The APTES-GO modified membrane displayed a water contact angle of 46.98° and a BSA adsorption value of 0.10 mg/cm2, attributed to the hydrophilic and charge-modulating effects of the amine groups. This study offers an effective strategy for developing high-performance ultrafiltration membranes through interface engineering.