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<p>This article uses the Cattaneo–Christov model to investigate the thermal and mass transfer mechanisms in a non-Newtonian Carreau–Yasuda fluid, incorporating factors such as magnetohydrodynamic effects, Joule heating, chemical reaction, Soret–Dufour effects, and non-uniform heat source/sink. Moreover, other significant fluid factors, such as concentration-dependent mass diffusivity, temperature-dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity are also considered. Flow is initiated by a cylinder that is stretched linearly in the streamwise direction. Initially, the flow equations are formulated in partial differential equations and after utilizing appropriate similarity transformation, those flow equations are converted into an ordinary system of equations. The numerical solutions of these&#xa0;equations are achieved by using the bvp4c routine in MATLAB. The graphical profiles illustrate the impact of parameters like curvature, magnetic field, Weissenberg number, power law index, variable viscosity parameter, Eckert number, Dufour–Soret numbers, thermal and mass relaxation numbers, Prandtl number, small conductivity parameter, space and temperature-dependent heat source/sink, Schmidt number, and chemical reaction parameter. The profiles offer insights into the problem's physical state. From the numerical results, velocity profiles decrease with the MHD number, the Weissenberg number, and the variable viscosity parameter, but increases with the curvature number. The Dufour number, heat generation and absorption, Eckert number, MHD Joule heating, curvature parameter, and variable thermal conductivity parameter all cause temperature profiles to rise. In the same way, concentration profiles increase with the Soret number, curvature number, and variable mass diffusivity and decrease with the Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter. Skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are calculated numerically and displayed in tables. It has been deduced that thermal and concentration relaxation parameters improve the thermal and mass transfer rate. The present study is validated by means of comparison with the existing literature and indicates excellent agreement with previously reported results.</p>

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Collocation Method for simulating Thermal Transport in MHD-Induced Carreau–Yasuda Fluid with Temperature-Dependent Viscosity and Soret–Dufour Effects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月14日

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  • Shahzad Munir,
  • Taimur Shahzad

摘要

This article uses the Cattaneo–Christov model to investigate the thermal and mass transfer mechanisms in a non-Newtonian Carreau–Yasuda fluid, incorporating factors such as magnetohydrodynamic effects, Joule heating, chemical reaction, Soret–Dufour effects, and non-uniform heat source/sink. Moreover, other significant fluid factors, such as concentration-dependent mass diffusivity, temperature-dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity are also considered. Flow is initiated by a cylinder that is stretched linearly in the streamwise direction. Initially, the flow equations are formulated in partial differential equations and after utilizing appropriate similarity transformation, those flow equations are converted into an ordinary system of equations. The numerical solutions of these equations are achieved by using the bvp4c routine in MATLAB. The graphical profiles illustrate the impact of parameters like curvature, magnetic field, Weissenberg number, power law index, variable viscosity parameter, Eckert number, Dufour–Soret numbers, thermal and mass relaxation numbers, Prandtl number, small conductivity parameter, space and temperature-dependent heat source/sink, Schmidt number, and chemical reaction parameter. The profiles offer insights into the problem's physical state. From the numerical results, velocity profiles decrease with the MHD number, the Weissenberg number, and the variable viscosity parameter, but increases with the curvature number. The Dufour number, heat generation and absorption, Eckert number, MHD Joule heating, curvature parameter, and variable thermal conductivity parameter all cause temperature profiles to rise. In the same way, concentration profiles increase with the Soret number, curvature number, and variable mass diffusivity and decrease with the Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter. Skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are calculated numerically and displayed in tables. It has been deduced that thermal and concentration relaxation parameters improve the thermal and mass transfer rate. The present study is validated by means of comparison with the existing literature and indicates excellent agreement with previously reported results.