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<p><i>Terfezia arenaria</i>, a desert truffle indigenous to the arid landscapes of Palestine, has been esteemed in traditional medicine for an extended period; however, it remains inadequately studied from a scientific perspective. This research aimed to analyze the phytochemical profile and assess the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and enzyme inhibitory properties of <i>T. arenaria</i>* extracts. Samples of the truffle were gathered from the Al-Naqab desert, subsequently cleaned, dried, and extracted utilizing Soxhlet, sonication, and maceration techniques with methanol and dichloromethane. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed to identify key bioactive constituents. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated through the DPPH radical scavenging assay, while antimicrobial efficacy was tested against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, cytotoxic effects were assessed on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HT-29 cancer cell lines. Furthermore, inhibition assays for α-amylase and pancreatic lipase were conducted to evaluate potential metabolic enzyme inhibition. The methanolic Soxhlet extract yielded the highest output (29.06%) and was found to contain phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, and carbohydrates. This extract demonstrated robust antioxidant activity with a 77% inhibition of DPPH and significant cytotoxicity that was both dose- and time-dependent, leading to a 65% reduction in cell viability for MCF-7, 60% for HT-29, and 94% for MDA-MB-231 cells after 48&#xa0;h. No significant antimicrobial activity was observed against the bacterial strains tested at a concentration of 100&#xa0;mg/mL. The extract also exhibited moderate enzyme inhibition, with IC₅₀ values of 100&#xa0;µg/mL for α-amylase and 150&#xa0;µg/mL for lipase, indicating potential therapeutic applications.</p>

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Bioactive Properties of Terfezia arenaria Extract: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Enzyme Inhibition Effects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Mohannad Qurie,
  • Ahmad Khader,
  • Ayat AbuKadum,
  • Zaidoun Salah,
  • Ahmad Jaffal,
  • Nour Shkhadm,
  • Sawsan Salemeh

摘要

Terfezia arenaria, a desert truffle indigenous to the arid landscapes of Palestine, has been esteemed in traditional medicine for an extended period; however, it remains inadequately studied from a scientific perspective. This research aimed to analyze the phytochemical profile and assess the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and enzyme inhibitory properties of T. arenaria* extracts. Samples of the truffle were gathered from the Al-Naqab desert, subsequently cleaned, dried, and extracted utilizing Soxhlet, sonication, and maceration techniques with methanol and dichloromethane. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed to identify key bioactive constituents. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated through the DPPH radical scavenging assay, while antimicrobial efficacy was tested against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, cytotoxic effects were assessed on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HT-29 cancer cell lines. Furthermore, inhibition assays for α-amylase and pancreatic lipase were conducted to evaluate potential metabolic enzyme inhibition. The methanolic Soxhlet extract yielded the highest output (29.06%) and was found to contain phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, and carbohydrates. This extract demonstrated robust antioxidant activity with a 77% inhibition of DPPH and significant cytotoxicity that was both dose- and time-dependent, leading to a 65% reduction in cell viability for MCF-7, 60% for HT-29, and 94% for MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 h. No significant antimicrobial activity was observed against the bacterial strains tested at a concentration of 100 mg/mL. The extract also exhibited moderate enzyme inhibition, with IC₅₀ values of 100 µg/mL for α-amylase and 150 µg/mL for lipase, indicating potential therapeutic applications.