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<p>The growing demand for sustainable fire-resistant coatings have motivated the development of bio based additives that can enhance fire protection while reducing reliance on halogenated systems. In this study, dammar resin (<i>Shorea javanica</i>) was fractionated into α, β, and αβ grades and incorporated at 10 wt% into an organopolysilazane (OPSZ) matrix. The coatings were applied onto Tusam Sumatra wood and ST-37 steel substrates using the doctor blade technique. Structural and chemical analyses (SEM EDS, FTIR) confirmed uniform hybrid networks enriched with carbonaceous and oxygenated groups arising from the resin fractions. Surface wettability and mechanical tests showed that resin incorporation increased surface polarity and introduced greater coating flexibility, as supported by reduced pencil hardness and consistent 5B adhesion in cross cut evaluation. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed distinct degradation behaviors, where α resin promoted early char formation, β resin enhanced thermal stability and char density, and αβ resin provided a balanced multi stage degradation pattern. UL 94 tests demonstrated that the αβ modified coating produced the most compact and carbon rich protective layer, resulting in shorter after flame durations and reduced substrate damage. SEM EDS of the residual char further supported the superior barrier quality of the αβ system. These results highlight the synergistic role of dammar resin fractions in improving OPSZ based flame retardant coatings.</p>

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Eco-Flame Shield: Harnessing Dammar and Polysilazane for Sustainable Fire-Resistant Coatings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • Yati Mardiyati,
  • Jhosephine Estefani Riscila,
  • Jilil Qur’ani Syarifuddin,
  • Dinan Safta Oktavian,
  • Valentinus Alphano Dabur,
  • Fuad Hasan Ibrahim,
  • Steven Steven

摘要

The growing demand for sustainable fire-resistant coatings have motivated the development of bio based additives that can enhance fire protection while reducing reliance on halogenated systems. In this study, dammar resin (Shorea javanica) was fractionated into α, β, and αβ grades and incorporated at 10 wt% into an organopolysilazane (OPSZ) matrix. The coatings were applied onto Tusam Sumatra wood and ST-37 steel substrates using the doctor blade technique. Structural and chemical analyses (SEM EDS, FTIR) confirmed uniform hybrid networks enriched with carbonaceous and oxygenated groups arising from the resin fractions. Surface wettability and mechanical tests showed that resin incorporation increased surface polarity and introduced greater coating flexibility, as supported by reduced pencil hardness and consistent 5B adhesion in cross cut evaluation. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed distinct degradation behaviors, where α resin promoted early char formation, β resin enhanced thermal stability and char density, and αβ resin provided a balanced multi stage degradation pattern. UL 94 tests demonstrated that the αβ modified coating produced the most compact and carbon rich protective layer, resulting in shorter after flame durations and reduced substrate damage. SEM EDS of the residual char further supported the superior barrier quality of the αβ system. These results highlight the synergistic role of dammar resin fractions in improving OPSZ based flame retardant coatings.