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<p>The study evaluates nanosilica and activated carbon-modified recycled aggregate concrete for enhanced mechanical, durability, and microstructural performance. The incorporation of nS markedly improved the properties of RAC, and the 3% nS-based RAC composite has been identified to be the optimal dosage. Subsequently, two different types of AC were incorporated as partial cement replacements at varying dosage levels to systematically evaluate and compare their influence on the mechanical and durability performance of RAC composites. The dosage levels of AC adopted as partial cement replacement were 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. Accordingly, the 0.5% CAC + 3% nS-based RAC had a 28-day CS of 34.6&#xa0;MPa, and an STS of 4.06&#xa0;MPa, and as well had the lowest WA value of 2.79%. Also, post the acid attack test, the strength retained promisingly as 25.1&#xa0;MPa. The 1% laboratory GAC + 3% nS composite-based RAC composite exhibited the highest CS (35.2&#xa0;MPa) and STS (4.18&#xa0;MPa) and superior durability, as it retained 26.2&#xa0;MPa CS under acidic conditions and demonstrated a reduced WA value of 2.58%. FESEM analysis corroborated with these findings, affirmed notable reductions in porosity, improved particle packing, and enhanced C-S–H gel formation in the optimal nS-AC-constituted RAC composites. Overall, combining 3% nanosilica with 0.5% CAC or 1% GAC provides an optimal pathway for producing durable, high-performance, and sustainable RAC for economical rural construction.</p>

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Nano-Engineered Recycled Aggregate Concrete: Enhancing Strength and Durability through Nanosilica and Activated Carbon Integration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月19日

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  • Sneha Singh,
  • Ramagopal V. S. Uppaluri

摘要

The study evaluates nanosilica and activated carbon-modified recycled aggregate concrete for enhanced mechanical, durability, and microstructural performance. The incorporation of nS markedly improved the properties of RAC, and the 3% nS-based RAC composite has been identified to be the optimal dosage. Subsequently, two different types of AC were incorporated as partial cement replacements at varying dosage levels to systematically evaluate and compare their influence on the mechanical and durability performance of RAC composites. The dosage levels of AC adopted as partial cement replacement were 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. Accordingly, the 0.5% CAC + 3% nS-based RAC had a 28-day CS of 34.6 MPa, and an STS of 4.06 MPa, and as well had the lowest WA value of 2.79%. Also, post the acid attack test, the strength retained promisingly as 25.1 MPa. The 1% laboratory GAC + 3% nS composite-based RAC composite exhibited the highest CS (35.2 MPa) and STS (4.18 MPa) and superior durability, as it retained 26.2 MPa CS under acidic conditions and demonstrated a reduced WA value of 2.58%. FESEM analysis corroborated with these findings, affirmed notable reductions in porosity, improved particle packing, and enhanced C-S–H gel formation in the optimal nS-AC-constituted RAC composites. Overall, combining 3% nanosilica with 0.5% CAC or 1% GAC provides an optimal pathway for producing durable, high-performance, and sustainable RAC for economical rural construction.