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<p>We report on the fabrication of tungsten disulfide (WS<sub>2</sub>) flowers using pulsed laser irradiation in liquid, providing a high yield and scalable synthesis route. Bulk WS<sub>2</sub> was dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to form a colloidal suspension, which was irradiated for 30 min with a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm, 250 mJ). This process resulted in WS<sub>2</sub> flowers with sizes ranging from 1 to 5 μm and a conversion yield of 93%. The formation mechanism involves laser-induced exfoliation of WS<sub>2</sub> layers, followed by the generation of nanospheres that act as nucleation sites, promoting crystallisation and hierarchical growth into flower-like structures. The morphology and composition of the synthesised WS<sub>2</sub> flowers were characterised using SEM, FESEM, TEM, XPS, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, revealing a uniform and homogenous structure. The synthesis parameters, including reaction time, WS<sub>2</sub> concentration, laser power, and solvent choice, were carefully optimised to achieve controlled growth. This environmentally friendly and tunable approach offers a reliable method for on-demand fabrication of WS<sub>2</sub> nanostructures.</p>

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High-Yield Laser-Induced Synthesis of Flower-Like WS2 Nanostructures Via a Surfactant-Free Liquid-Phase Method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月7日

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  • Thaar M. D. Alharbi

摘要

We report on the fabrication of tungsten disulfide (WS2) flowers using pulsed laser irradiation in liquid, providing a high yield and scalable synthesis route. Bulk WS2 was dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to form a colloidal suspension, which was irradiated for 30 min with a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm, 250 mJ). This process resulted in WS2 flowers with sizes ranging from 1 to 5 μm and a conversion yield of 93%. The formation mechanism involves laser-induced exfoliation of WS2 layers, followed by the generation of nanospheres that act as nucleation sites, promoting crystallisation and hierarchical growth into flower-like structures. The morphology and composition of the synthesised WS2 flowers were characterised using SEM, FESEM, TEM, XPS, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, revealing a uniform and homogenous structure. The synthesis parameters, including reaction time, WS2 concentration, laser power, and solvent choice, were carefully optimised to achieve controlled growth. This environmentally friendly and tunable approach offers a reliable method for on-demand fabrication of WS2 nanostructures.