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<p>The effective separation of magnesium and lithium from brine is crucial for producing high-purity lithium compounds. This study proposed a low-temperature ultrasonic-assisted precipitation method to improve lithium recovery while minimizing magnesium contamination. A common issue was lithium becoming trapped within magnesium precipitates, which significantly lowers lithium-ion concentration in the filtrate. Using sodium silicate as a flocculant, the process was followed by ultrasonic irradiation to help release the trapped lithium. Results showed that lithium recovery increased from 75.7% (without ultrasonic irradiation) to 99.83% at 45&#xa0;°C after 15&#xa0;min of ultrasonic treatment. The Mg/Li ratio decreased from 0.322 (without ultrasonic irradiation) to 0.007 at 30&#xa0;°C and 0.032 at 45&#xa0;°C. Following second-order reaction kinetic models, these results were supported by the activation energy of precipitation at 6.645&#xa0;kJ/mol with ultrasonic irradiation and 122.240&#xa0;kJ/mol without ultrasonic irradiation. The FE-SEM analysis demonstrated that magnesium silicate formed large hollow particle morphologies without ultrasonic irradiation, while smaller non-hollow granules formed under ultrasonic irradiation. The XRD structural analysis revealed that lithium was trapped inside complex precipitates of MgSiO<sub>3</sub>, CaSiO<sub>3</sub>, and CaMgO<sub>6</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>, with LiCl phases. These results indicated that ultrasonic-assisted precipitation was highly effective for separating magnesium from lithium, producing lithium-enriched brine with minimal magnesium impurities. As a result, the brine was better suited for synthesizing high-purity lithium compounds. It was emphasized in the study that ultrasonic irradiation was necessary to mitigate lithium loss resulting from entrapment in silicate matrices, although sodium silicate facilitates magnesium precipitation.</p>

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Enhancing Lithium Recovery and Magnesium Removal from Brine Using Low-Temperature Ultrasonic-Assisted Precipitation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Eko Sulistiyono,
  • Latifa Hanum Lalasari,
  • Ariyo Suharyanto,
  • Januar Irawan,
  • Tri Arini,
  • Lia Andriyah,
  • Iwan Setiawan,
  • F. Firdiyono,
  • Sri Harjanto

摘要

The effective separation of magnesium and lithium from brine is crucial for producing high-purity lithium compounds. This study proposed a low-temperature ultrasonic-assisted precipitation method to improve lithium recovery while minimizing magnesium contamination. A common issue was lithium becoming trapped within magnesium precipitates, which significantly lowers lithium-ion concentration in the filtrate. Using sodium silicate as a flocculant, the process was followed by ultrasonic irradiation to help release the trapped lithium. Results showed that lithium recovery increased from 75.7% (without ultrasonic irradiation) to 99.83% at 45 °C after 15 min of ultrasonic treatment. The Mg/Li ratio decreased from 0.322 (without ultrasonic irradiation) to 0.007 at 30 °C and 0.032 at 45 °C. Following second-order reaction kinetic models, these results were supported by the activation energy of precipitation at 6.645 kJ/mol with ultrasonic irradiation and 122.240 kJ/mol without ultrasonic irradiation. The FE-SEM analysis demonstrated that magnesium silicate formed large hollow particle morphologies without ultrasonic irradiation, while smaller non-hollow granules formed under ultrasonic irradiation. The XRD structural analysis revealed that lithium was trapped inside complex precipitates of MgSiO3, CaSiO3, and CaMgO6Si2, with LiCl phases. These results indicated that ultrasonic-assisted precipitation was highly effective for separating magnesium from lithium, producing lithium-enriched brine with minimal magnesium impurities. As a result, the brine was better suited for synthesizing high-purity lithium compounds. It was emphasized in the study that ultrasonic irradiation was necessary to mitigate lithium loss resulting from entrapment in silicate matrices, although sodium silicate facilitates magnesium precipitation.