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<p>Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to significant pollution of surface and groundwater by heavy metals, posing risks to ecosystems and human health. In this study, Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) and chitosan (CS) were combined to enhance the adsorption properties of both materials. The resulting OFI/CS composites, at 1:1 and 1:2 mass ratios, were characterized by FTIR, SEM/EDX, and elemental analysis. The adsorption efficiencies of the materials were tested for the removal from water of Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II) in a multi-heavy metal system, across a concentration range of [10–100]&#xa0;mg/L. The effects of pH, contact time, and initial adsorbent concentration were investigated to evaluate the adsorbents’ capacities and kinetics. Experimental findings showed that the OFI/CS 1:1 composite exhibited high removal efficiencies, exceeding 90% for Pb(II) and Cu(II), and over 40% for Ni(II) and Cd(II), after 180&#xa0;min of contact, using a bio-adsorbent dosage of 5&#xa0;g/L and an initial individual heavy metals concentration of 100&#xa0;mg/L. Among the kinetic models tested, the Elovich was the most suitable, indicating chemisorption. Regarding the isotherms, the Langmuir model provided the best fit for Pb(II) and Cu(II), while the Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) models better described the behavior of Ni(II) and Cd(II). The highest adsorption capacity was obtained with the OFI/CS 1:1 composite, reaching 102&#xa0;mg/g for lead and a cumulative value of 183&#xa0;mg/g. These results highlight the promising potential of OFI/CS composites, particularly the 1:1 ratio, for the effective removal of heavy metals from contaminated water.</p>

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Synthesis of a Novel Bio-adsorbent Composite Combining Chitosan Powder and Opuntia ficus-indica Cladodes: Characterization and Application for Heavy Metal Removal from Water

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月16日

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  • Abdelhamid Mili,
  • Slimane Kadouche,
  • Juliette Vievard,
  • Ferhat Mourad,
  • Radia Tafer,
  • Christine Devouge-Boyer,
  • Abdelaziz Boulkamh,
  • Mélanie Mignot

摘要

Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to significant pollution of surface and groundwater by heavy metals, posing risks to ecosystems and human health. In this study, Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) and chitosan (CS) were combined to enhance the adsorption properties of both materials. The resulting OFI/CS composites, at 1:1 and 1:2 mass ratios, were characterized by FTIR, SEM/EDX, and elemental analysis. The adsorption efficiencies of the materials were tested for the removal from water of Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II) in a multi-heavy metal system, across a concentration range of [10–100] mg/L. The effects of pH, contact time, and initial adsorbent concentration were investigated to evaluate the adsorbents’ capacities and kinetics. Experimental findings showed that the OFI/CS 1:1 composite exhibited high removal efficiencies, exceeding 90% for Pb(II) and Cu(II), and over 40% for Ni(II) and Cd(II), after 180 min of contact, using a bio-adsorbent dosage of 5 g/L and an initial individual heavy metals concentration of 100 mg/L. Among the kinetic models tested, the Elovich was the most suitable, indicating chemisorption. Regarding the isotherms, the Langmuir model provided the best fit for Pb(II) and Cu(II), while the Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) models better described the behavior of Ni(II) and Cd(II). The highest adsorption capacity was obtained with the OFI/CS 1:1 composite, reaching 102 mg/g for lead and a cumulative value of 183 mg/g. These results highlight the promising potential of OFI/CS composites, particularly the 1:1 ratio, for the effective removal of heavy metals from contaminated water.