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<p>The surrounding rock of the gas storage reservoir underground always undergoes cyclic loading and unloading due to the compression and release of gas. It is imperative to thoroughly understand the failure mechanisms of rocks under different loading rates in order to ensure the long-term stability and safety of these systems. Based on discrete element method (DEM), a numerical model is established which can obtain the detailed investigation of the dynamic interactions and behaviors exhibited by the rock material in complicated cyclic loading. The microscopic parameters were derived from conventional triaxial tests and cyclic loading and unloading results of marble specimens. The study demonstrates the remarkable consistency in the patterns of strain and stress across varying loading and unloading rates. Within a cyclic loading rate of 0.05–0.5&#xa0;m/s, there was an observable upward trend in peak strength, deformation modulus, cycle count, and the plastic strain at failure point, all of these scaled positively with the loading rate. Conversely, the cumulative crack count during the elastic phase exhibited a decreasing trend. Through detailed calculations and comprehensive analysis of rock energy, it has been discovered that both dissipated energy and elastic strain energy exhibit an upward trend with increasing loading and unloading rates. A noteworthy observation is that the time taken to reach the peak value of dissipated energy gradually elongates as the loading rate rises. Hence, it can be inferred that an elevation in the loading rate can potentially contribute to an enhancement in rock strength and energy storage levels.</p>

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Failure Mechanism of Marble Under Cyclic Loading and Unloading with Different Rates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Yan-Shuang Yang,
  • Yu Si,
  • Zhen Cui,
  • Jian-Cheng Peng,
  • Meng-Yu Yin,
  • Lei Yan,
  • Zhao-Peng Kang

摘要

The surrounding rock of the gas storage reservoir underground always undergoes cyclic loading and unloading due to the compression and release of gas. It is imperative to thoroughly understand the failure mechanisms of rocks under different loading rates in order to ensure the long-term stability and safety of these systems. Based on discrete element method (DEM), a numerical model is established which can obtain the detailed investigation of the dynamic interactions and behaviors exhibited by the rock material in complicated cyclic loading. The microscopic parameters were derived from conventional triaxial tests and cyclic loading and unloading results of marble specimens. The study demonstrates the remarkable consistency in the patterns of strain and stress across varying loading and unloading rates. Within a cyclic loading rate of 0.05–0.5 m/s, there was an observable upward trend in peak strength, deformation modulus, cycle count, and the plastic strain at failure point, all of these scaled positively with the loading rate. Conversely, the cumulative crack count during the elastic phase exhibited a decreasing trend. Through detailed calculations and comprehensive analysis of rock energy, it has been discovered that both dissipated energy and elastic strain energy exhibit an upward trend with increasing loading and unloading rates. A noteworthy observation is that the time taken to reach the peak value of dissipated energy gradually elongates as the loading rate rises. Hence, it can be inferred that an elevation in the loading rate can potentially contribute to an enhancement in rock strength and energy storage levels.