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<p>Metallic bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) offer several advantages over graphite plates, including lower cost, enhanced mechanical strength, and easier fabrication. These plates can accommodate more intricate geometries, which significantly improves the power-to-volume ratio of fuel cells. Nevertheless, corrosion continues to pose a significant challenge, compromising both the durability and operational performance of the system. While protective coatings can mitigate corrosion, further innovations are necessary to achieve long-term stability. This study introduces a novel hybrid nanocomposite coating comprising graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), platinum (Pt), and alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), developed through nanofluid pool boiling to enhance corrosion resistance. Graphene-based nanofluids exhibit remarkable thermal conductivity and heat transfer capabilities; however, their inherent hydrophobicity necessitates surface modification for stable dispersion. In the present study, graphene nanoplatelet–platinum (GNP–Pt) nanocomposites were synthesized via acid functionalization followed by platinum deposition. These nanocomposites were subsequently utilized to formulate GNP–Pt–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/water hybrid nanofluids. The thermophysical properties of the prepared nanofluids—including thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and boiling heat transfer performance—were comprehensively investigated. Through pool boiling tests with heated copper surfaces, enhancement of CHF was measured at 110% and enhancement in HTC was measured at 230%, as compared to the smooth surface. The incorporation of GNP, Pt, and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> improved the thermal properties, mechanical characteristic, and chemical stability by the enhanced thermal conductivity and structural strength, enhanced corrosion resistance, and increased surface hardness, respectively. Overall, these observations suggest the practicality of using such hybrid nanofluids in enhancing thermal management systems for PEMFCs as well as the innovative microelectronic cooling systems.</p>

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Development of Stable Hybrid GNP–Pt–Al2O3 Nanocomposite Coatings via Nanofluid Pool Boiling for Advanced Thermal Management Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月2日

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  • Sanjay Kumar Gupta,
  • Ajoy Kumar Nandy,
  • Rahul Dev Misra

摘要

Metallic bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) offer several advantages over graphite plates, including lower cost, enhanced mechanical strength, and easier fabrication. These plates can accommodate more intricate geometries, which significantly improves the power-to-volume ratio of fuel cells. Nevertheless, corrosion continues to pose a significant challenge, compromising both the durability and operational performance of the system. While protective coatings can mitigate corrosion, further innovations are necessary to achieve long-term stability. This study introduces a novel hybrid nanocomposite coating comprising graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), platinum (Pt), and alumina (Al2O3), developed through nanofluid pool boiling to enhance corrosion resistance. Graphene-based nanofluids exhibit remarkable thermal conductivity and heat transfer capabilities; however, their inherent hydrophobicity necessitates surface modification for stable dispersion. In the present study, graphene nanoplatelet–platinum (GNP–Pt) nanocomposites were synthesized via acid functionalization followed by platinum deposition. These nanocomposites were subsequently utilized to formulate GNP–Pt–Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluids. The thermophysical properties of the prepared nanofluids—including thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and boiling heat transfer performance—were comprehensively investigated. Through pool boiling tests with heated copper surfaces, enhancement of CHF was measured at 110% and enhancement in HTC was measured at 230%, as compared to the smooth surface. The incorporation of GNP, Pt, and Al2O3 improved the thermal properties, mechanical characteristic, and chemical stability by the enhanced thermal conductivity and structural strength, enhanced corrosion resistance, and increased surface hardness, respectively. Overall, these observations suggest the practicality of using such hybrid nanofluids in enhancing thermal management systems for PEMFCs as well as the innovative microelectronic cooling systems.