Scholarlink

<p>The production of high-performance carbon materials through conventional methods relies on non-renewable resources, hazardous chemicals, and high temperatures, which creates significant environmental problems. This research presents an environmental friendly approach to convert <i>Spirulina</i> twigs biomass into semi-graphitic hydrochar through hydrothermal carbonization. The study used a specific combination of <i>Spirulina</i> twig powder with sodium carbonate anhydrous and distilled water at a weight ratio of 1.0:0.1:6.0 that underwent processing at 400&#xa0;°C for 6 h with a heating rate of 5&#xa0;°C/min. The experimental process was successfully simulated using Aspen Plus software. From comprehensive characterization, it was found that the semi-graphitic hydrochar with significantly enhanced surface properties was formed, and the surface area of the sample was achieved to be ~ 284.4413&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/g, which was much higher than that of raw <i>Spirulina</i> twigs (~ 3.9344&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/g). The successful transformation of biomass into a carbon structure with partial graphitic ordering was confirmed via field emission scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns showed characteristic peaks at 2<i>θ&#xa0;</i>∼&#xa0;24.2° and 43.1°, which corresponded to (0 0 2) and (1 0 0) planes. The synthesized material revealed a mesoporous structure with an average pore size of ~ 2.1847&#xa0;nm and a total pore volume of ~ 0.1553&#xa0;cm<sup>3</sup>/g. This research demonstrates that <i>Spirulina</i> twigs can become sustainable carbon materials with both high surface area and partial graphitic ordering, which makes them useful for environmental and energy applications.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Eco-Friendly Synthesis and Characterization of High-Surface-Area Semi-Graphitic Hydrochar from Spirulina Twigs Biomass via Hydrothermal Carbonization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月31日

查看全文
  • Seyed Amirebrahim Emami Moghaddam,
  • Badrul Mohamed Jan,
  • Rabia Ikram

摘要

The production of high-performance carbon materials through conventional methods relies on non-renewable resources, hazardous chemicals, and high temperatures, which creates significant environmental problems. This research presents an environmental friendly approach to convert Spirulina twigs biomass into semi-graphitic hydrochar through hydrothermal carbonization. The study used a specific combination of Spirulina twig powder with sodium carbonate anhydrous and distilled water at a weight ratio of 1.0:0.1:6.0 that underwent processing at 400 °C for 6 h with a heating rate of 5 °C/min. The experimental process was successfully simulated using Aspen Plus software. From comprehensive characterization, it was found that the semi-graphitic hydrochar with significantly enhanced surface properties was formed, and the surface area of the sample was achieved to be ~ 284.4413 m2/g, which was much higher than that of raw Spirulina twigs (~ 3.9344 m2/g). The successful transformation of biomass into a carbon structure with partial graphitic ordering was confirmed via field emission scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns showed characteristic peaks at 2θ ∼ 24.2° and 43.1°, which corresponded to (0 0 2) and (1 0 0) planes. The synthesized material revealed a mesoporous structure with an average pore size of ~ 2.1847 nm and a total pore volume of ~ 0.1553 cm3/g. This research demonstrates that Spirulina twigs can become sustainable carbon materials with both high surface area and partial graphitic ordering, which makes them useful for environmental and energy applications.