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<p>Ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) enrichment can lead to eutrophication and water quality degradation, highlighting the need for effective remediation methods. This study optimized a carbon black adsorbent impregnated with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (CBp-SDBS) for NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> removal, using Box–Behnken design. The optimal conditions were determined to be a contact time of 12.30&#xa0;h, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentration of 0.51&#xa0;mmol/L, pH 9, adsorbent dose of 5.5&#xa0;g, and temperature of 30&#xa0;°C, achieving an NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> adsorption efficiency of 78.78%. Characterization of CBp-SDBS by SEM, EDX, FTIR, BET, and pHpzc confirmed its enhanced adsorption properties. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model, Temkin model, and Langmuir isotherm best described the adsorption process, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 47.54&#xa0;mg/g. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> adsorption onto CBp-SDBS is exothermic, feasible, and spontaneous. A six-cycle reuse study highlighted CBp-SDBS’s strong performance and reusability for NH₄⁺ adsorption, supporting its potential as an effective adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications.</p>

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Optimization Study of Ammonium Adsorption from Aqueous Solution on Carbon Black Modified with Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate: Kinetics, Isotherms, and Thermodynamics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月15日

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  • Nurul Balqis Mohamed,
  • Norzita Ngadi,
  • Noor Yahida Yahya,
  • Mohamed Hizam Mohamed Noor,
  • Aznizam Abu Bakar,
  • Noorhalieza Ali

摘要

Ammonium (NH4+) enrichment can lead to eutrophication and water quality degradation, highlighting the need for effective remediation methods. This study optimized a carbon black adsorbent impregnated with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (CBp-SDBS) for NH4+ removal, using Box–Behnken design. The optimal conditions were determined to be a contact time of 12.30 h, NH4+ concentration of 0.51 mmol/L, pH 9, adsorbent dose of 5.5 g, and temperature of 30 °C, achieving an NH4+ adsorption efficiency of 78.78%. Characterization of CBp-SDBS by SEM, EDX, FTIR, BET, and pHpzc confirmed its enhanced adsorption properties. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model, Temkin model, and Langmuir isotherm best described the adsorption process, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 47.54 mg/g. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that NH4+ adsorption onto CBp-SDBS is exothermic, feasible, and spontaneous. A six-cycle reuse study highlighted CBp-SDBS’s strong performance and reusability for NH₄⁺ adsorption, supporting its potential as an effective adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications.