Hard Turning Performance Evaluation in Various Sustainable Environments Employing a COPRAS Optimization and Pugh Matrix Sustainability Approach

In this study, the effects of dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), pulse MQL (PMQL), dual-nozzle MQL (DNMQL), and dual-nozzle pulse MQL (DNPMQL) conditions on the performance of hard turning are compared. This study investigates important machining parameters such as tool wear, surface roughness, cutting temperature, power consumption, and noise emission across above said cutting surroundings. In addition, an exclusive optimization method called complex proportional assessment was used to determine the optimal solution in each cutting scenario. It was discovered that the tool life in DNMQL was 38.89% more than in DNPMQL, 29.03% higher than in MQL, 49.25% higher than in PMQL, and 119.78% higher than in dry. Circularity inaccuracy was greatest (0.004 mm) in the dry and PMQL conditions and lowest (0.002 mm) in the DNMQL condition. The carbon emission in machining was minimal in the DNMQL condition. Overall, DNMQL was found to be the best sustainable cooling strategy among all the cooling strategies selected.