Student Psychology-Based Optimization Tuned PIDA Controller for Improved Frequency Regulation of a Two-Area Microgrid

This paper presents a student psychology-based optimization (SPBO) tuned proportional–integral derivative accelerator (PIDA) controller to address the frequency regulation issue of an interconnected microgrid system. The performance of the proposed control scheme is investigated under different load perturbations, and it is observed that the PIDA controller is effective for higher-order system configurations. Further, Bode plot-based stability margin analysis is presented to determine the EV gain parameter for ensuring optimal system performance. Available, research works consider lossless tie-line power model for the interconnected microgrid scenarios by neglecting the effect of the line reactance. In this regard, to replicate a practical microgrid scenario, an improved tie-line model is presented considering the effect of line resistance along with the line reactance. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed system configuration is validated under a 12-node radial distribution network. It is noteworthy to mention that the proposed control scheme shows improved responses in terms of peak over/under shoots, oscillations and settling time, when compared with the available control schemes. Therefore, the suggested controller presents significant improvement in the frequency as well as tie-line power oscillations. All the test scenarios are simulated and examined under the MATLAB 2016a environment.