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<p><i>Ctenomys pilarensis</i> and <i>Ctenomys paraguayensis</i> are two Paraguayan microendemic, fossorial rodents confined to the southwestern Oriental region of the country. Both were described by Julio Rafael Contreras, the former based on a type series of 5 specimens, some showing melanism, and the latter on a type series composed of three subadult females. The type series of both of these species have recently been relocated, and are reviewed here in a modern context and with a wider comparative specimen series available. Purported external, cranial and karyotype differences are critically evaluated, along with new ecological and distributional data, and it is concluded that <i>C. paraguayensis</i> is morphologically indistinguishable from typical subadult females of <i>C. pilarensis</i>. Reported differences in karyotype may be attributable to error, likely due to confusion with a sample of <i>C. rionegrensis</i>. Thus, <i>Ctenomys paraguayensis</i> Contreras 2000 is most likely a junior synonym of <i>Ctenomys pilarensis</i> Contreras 1993.</p>

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The Paraguayan micro-endemics Ctenomys paraguayensis Contreras, 2000 and Ctenomys pilarensis Contreras, 1993 (Mammalia: Ctenomyidae) are morphologically indistinguishable

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月28日

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  • Paul Smith,
  • Matthew T. Owen

摘要

Ctenomys pilarensis and Ctenomys paraguayensis are two Paraguayan microendemic, fossorial rodents confined to the southwestern Oriental region of the country. Both were described by Julio Rafael Contreras, the former based on a type series of 5 specimens, some showing melanism, and the latter on a type series composed of three subadult females. The type series of both of these species have recently been relocated, and are reviewed here in a modern context and with a wider comparative specimen series available. Purported external, cranial and karyotype differences are critically evaluated, along with new ecological and distributional data, and it is concluded that C. paraguayensis is morphologically indistinguishable from typical subadult females of C. pilarensis. Reported differences in karyotype may be attributable to error, likely due to confusion with a sample of C. rionegrensis. Thus, Ctenomys paraguayensis Contreras 2000 is most likely a junior synonym of Ctenomys pilarensis Contreras 1993.