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<p>Based on previous studies, parasites manipulate host behavior. In particular, <i>Wolbachia</i> has often been shown to manipulate the life history and reproductive traits of the host. <i>Wolbachia</i> is generally transmitted vertically in the maternal line of host populations, but it can also be transmitted horizontally from infected prey to predators. Hence, <i>Wolbachia</i> may manipulate its hosts to increase their predation risk. Nevertheless, the impact of <i>Wolbachia</i> infection on the predator avoidance behavior of the host remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of <i>Wolbachia</i> removal on tonic immobility as their antipredator behavior in <i>Tribolium confusum</i> Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), which is known to be infected by <i>Wolbachia</i>. Results indicated that the duration of the tonic immobility of <i>T. confusum</i> remarkably increased after <i>Wolbachia</i> removal. This study is the first to reveal that antibiotic treatment of <i>T. confusum</i> can prolong tonic immobility duration in its later generations, which may result from host manipulation to increase the probability of the horizontal transmission of <i>Wolbachia</i>.</p>

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Antibiotic treatment eliminated Wolbachia in Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and prolonged tonic immobility duration in later generations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月28日

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  • Kohei Nakao,
  • Takuto Sumi,
  • Kentarou Matsumura

摘要

Based on previous studies, parasites manipulate host behavior. In particular, Wolbachia has often been shown to manipulate the life history and reproductive traits of the host. Wolbachia is generally transmitted vertically in the maternal line of host populations, but it can also be transmitted horizontally from infected prey to predators. Hence, Wolbachia may manipulate its hosts to increase their predation risk. Nevertheless, the impact of Wolbachia infection on the predator avoidance behavior of the host remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of Wolbachia removal on tonic immobility as their antipredator behavior in Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), which is known to be infected by Wolbachia. Results indicated that the duration of the tonic immobility of T. confusum remarkably increased after Wolbachia removal. This study is the first to reveal that antibiotic treatment of T. confusum can prolong tonic immobility duration in its later generations, which may result from host manipulation to increase the probability of the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia.