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<p>This paper introduces a three-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure (3D-CHH) with enhanced impact resistance, developed from a two-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure (2D-CHH), to advance the application of metamaterials in ship protection structures. Both structures were fabricated using additive manufacturing techniques and subjected to quasi-static compression testing to evaluate their deformation modes and energy-absorbing capabilities. Combined experimental and numerical simulation results revealed that 2D-CHH exhibited a “&lt;” mode, while 3D-CHH demonstrated an inward concave “I” mode, with 3D-CHH showing superior negative Poisson’s ratio characteristics. The deformation behavior of both structures progresses through four distinct phases: elastic zone, stress plateau zone, plateau stress enhancement zone, and densification zone characterized by rapid stress elevation. The 3D-CHH structure exhibits superior energy absorption compared with both 2D-CHH and conventional honeycomb structures, achieving nearly twice the specific energy absorption of 2D-CHH. Additionally, 3D-CHH shows an 8.4% improvement in energy absorption efficiency compared with 2D-CHH. The enhanced negative Poisson’s ratio effect and superior energy absorption properties of 3D-CHH enable effective ship protection while reducing structural weight.</p>

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A Study of 2D/3D Negative Poisson’s Ratio Honeycomb Deformation Mode and Energy Absorption Characteristics: Experiments and Simulations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月22日

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  • Qian Wang,
  • Zhi-liang Gao,
  • Wei Chen,
  • Pu Li,
  • Xiao-bin Li

摘要

This paper introduces a three-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure (3D-CHH) with enhanced impact resistance, developed from a two-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure (2D-CHH), to advance the application of metamaterials in ship protection structures. Both structures were fabricated using additive manufacturing techniques and subjected to quasi-static compression testing to evaluate their deformation modes and energy-absorbing capabilities. Combined experimental and numerical simulation results revealed that 2D-CHH exhibited a “<” mode, while 3D-CHH demonstrated an inward concave “I” mode, with 3D-CHH showing superior negative Poisson’s ratio characteristics. The deformation behavior of both structures progresses through four distinct phases: elastic zone, stress plateau zone, plateau stress enhancement zone, and densification zone characterized by rapid stress elevation. The 3D-CHH structure exhibits superior energy absorption compared with both 2D-CHH and conventional honeycomb structures, achieving nearly twice the specific energy absorption of 2D-CHH. Additionally, 3D-CHH shows an 8.4% improvement in energy absorption efficiency compared with 2D-CHH. The enhanced negative Poisson’s ratio effect and superior energy absorption properties of 3D-CHH enable effective ship protection while reducing structural weight.