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<p><i>Fusarium</i> head blight (FHB), caused by the <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> species complex, is a devastating disease of wheat that significantly reduces yield and kernel quality due to the biosynthesis and accumulation of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). This study investigated the effects of combinations of synthetic fungicides and plant elicitors (phosphites and seaweed extracts) on DON biosynthesis and accumulation in wheat kernels of the TBio Duque cultivar. The experiment was conducted in Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Physiological variables, including photosynthetic and transpiration rates, were measured under different treatments. Yield components such as thousand kernel weight (TKW) and hectoliter weight (HW) were also evaluated. Disease progression was monitored weekly, and grains were analyzed for the presence of the <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> species complex and DON content. The CO₂ assimilation rate increased by up to 33.7% compared with the untreated control, while the application of elicitors alone after flowering increased TKW by 0.92%, HW by 0.62%, and FN by 2.79%. Although most treatments did not significantly reduce FHB severity, a 13.4% reduction in disease severity and a 6.71% decrease in DON content were observed in some fungicide–elicitor combinations. Significant correlations were found between DON levels and kernel quality variables. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate combinations of fungicides and plant elicitors to maximize wheat yield and kernel quality, reduce <i>F. graminearum</i> incidence, and minimize DON biosynthesis and accumulation, providing a basis for improved integrated wheat disease management strategies.</p>

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The effect of synthetic fungicides and plant elicitors on wheat development, Fusarium infection, and deoxynivalenol biosynthesis and accumulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • João Américo Wordell Filho,
  • Cristiano Nunes Nesi,
  • Siumar Pedro Tironi,
  • Francine Zaiosc Simmi,
  • Adriano Nunes-Nesi,
  • Rafael Dal Bosco Ducatti,
  • Vanessa Fernandes Soares,
  • Yasmim Branger Figueiredo

摘要

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the Fusarium graminearum species complex, is a devastating disease of wheat that significantly reduces yield and kernel quality due to the biosynthesis and accumulation of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). This study investigated the effects of combinations of synthetic fungicides and plant elicitors (phosphites and seaweed extracts) on DON biosynthesis and accumulation in wheat kernels of the TBio Duque cultivar. The experiment was conducted in Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Physiological variables, including photosynthetic and transpiration rates, were measured under different treatments. Yield components such as thousand kernel weight (TKW) and hectoliter weight (HW) were also evaluated. Disease progression was monitored weekly, and grains were analyzed for the presence of the Fusarium graminearum species complex and DON content. The CO₂ assimilation rate increased by up to 33.7% compared with the untreated control, while the application of elicitors alone after flowering increased TKW by 0.92%, HW by 0.62%, and FN by 2.79%. Although most treatments did not significantly reduce FHB severity, a 13.4% reduction in disease severity and a 6.71% decrease in DON content were observed in some fungicide–elicitor combinations. Significant correlations were found between DON levels and kernel quality variables. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate combinations of fungicides and plant elicitors to maximize wheat yield and kernel quality, reduce F. graminearum incidence, and minimize DON biosynthesis and accumulation, providing a basis for improved integrated wheat disease management strategies.