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<p>Begomoviruses constitute the largest genus in the family <i>Geminiviridae</i> and infect a wide range of plant species, including food, feed and fiber crops. According to the literature, these viruses were previously reported to infect multiple crops only in the warmer regions of Pakistan, with very little information available on their occurrence in the colder regions. However, between 2018 and 2021, typical symptoms of begomovirus infection were observed in multiple crops in Swat (a cold region), indicating possible begomovirus presence. The field surveys confirmed high disease severity in Tehsil Matta (75% infection). For molecular analysis, the symptomatic plants: <i>Amaranthus retroflexus</i>, <i>Cannabis sativa</i>, <i>Capsicum annuum</i>, <i>Glycine max</i>, <i>Mentha longifolia</i> and <i>Parthenium hysterophorus</i> along with healthy plants (controls) were collected and DNA was extracted. The extracted DNA was amplified to detect begomoviruses and their associated alphasatellites and betasatellites. The amplified products were cloned and Sanger sequenced. Complete genome sequencing of the begomoviruses and associated satellites showed the highest sequence identity with chili leaf curl virus (ChLCV), tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCuV), tomato leaf curl Karnataka virus (ToLCuKV), chili leaf curl betasatellite (ChLCuB), parthenium leaf curl alphasatellite (PLCuA) and papaya leaf curl betasatellite (PaLCuB). The identification of these multiple viruses indicates that begomoviruses are spreading to other crops as well as to colder regions. This is the first report of begomoviruses and their associated satellites infecting a diverse range of economically important plants in Swat, Pakistan. This study highlights the need for further research and the development of management strategies for begomovirus infections in the cooler regions of the country.</p>

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Molecular characterization of begomoviruses infecting diverse plant species in Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Asad Ullah,
  • Aziz Ud Din,
  • Saleem Ur Rahman,
  • Prabu Gnanasekaran,
  • Ying Zhai,
  • Murad Ali Rahat,
  • Hanu R. Pappu,
  • Nisar Ahmad,
  • Fazal Akbar

摘要

Begomoviruses constitute the largest genus in the family Geminiviridae and infect a wide range of plant species, including food, feed and fiber crops. According to the literature, these viruses were previously reported to infect multiple crops only in the warmer regions of Pakistan, with very little information available on their occurrence in the colder regions. However, between 2018 and 2021, typical symptoms of begomovirus infection were observed in multiple crops in Swat (a cold region), indicating possible begomovirus presence. The field surveys confirmed high disease severity in Tehsil Matta (75% infection). For molecular analysis, the symptomatic plants: Amaranthus retroflexus, Cannabis sativa, Capsicum annuum, Glycine max, Mentha longifolia and Parthenium hysterophorus along with healthy plants (controls) were collected and DNA was extracted. The extracted DNA was amplified to detect begomoviruses and their associated alphasatellites and betasatellites. The amplified products were cloned and Sanger sequenced. Complete genome sequencing of the begomoviruses and associated satellites showed the highest sequence identity with chili leaf curl virus (ChLCV), tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCuV), tomato leaf curl Karnataka virus (ToLCuKV), chili leaf curl betasatellite (ChLCuB), parthenium leaf curl alphasatellite (PLCuA) and papaya leaf curl betasatellite (PaLCuB). The identification of these multiple viruses indicates that begomoviruses are spreading to other crops as well as to colder regions. This is the first report of begomoviruses and their associated satellites infecting a diverse range of economically important plants in Swat, Pakistan. This study highlights the need for further research and the development of management strategies for begomovirus infections in the cooler regions of the country.