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<p><i>Salvia japonica</i> essential oil (SJEO) is a natural active substance that has been widely used in medicine and food preservation. However, the antifungal mechanism of SJEO against plant pathogens is not well understood. This study examined the antifungal activity of SJEO against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (<i>F. oxysporum</i>). The results demonstrated that SJEO significantly inhibits the mycelial growth and conidial germination of <i>F. oxysporum</i> in a dose-dependent manner. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that SJEO induces mycelial shrinkage, deformation, and rupture. Moreover, SJEO treatment substantially reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), with decreases of 82.49%, 82.82%, and 58.38%, respectively, in the EC<sub>50</sub>-treated group compared to the control group at 60&#xa0;h. In contrast, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) were significantly elevated. SJEO also increased the permeability of the cell membranes of <i>F. oxysporum</i>, which led to the reduction of the cell contents. Additionally, SJEO at the EC<sub>50</sub> concentration significantly decreased the activities of endo-1,4-β-glucanase (EG), polygalacturonase (PG), and pectin lyase (PL) by 18.66%, 40.62%, and 80.19%, respectively, compared to the control group at 60&#xa0;h. Blight in <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i> was significantly reduced following SJEO treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In summary, SJEO disrupts cellular redox balance and intensifies lipid peroxidation in cell membranes, leading to increased membrane permeability and ultimately cell death, and reduces the pathogenicity of <i>F. oxysporum</i>. These findings indicate that SJEO holds promise as a novel fungicide for controlling blight in <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i>.</p>

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Salvia japonica essential oil as biocontrol agent: suppressing Fusarium oxysporum in Pinus sylversteis Var. Mongolica seedling blight

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月24日

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  • Jingyu Ji,
  • Qiuer Sa,
  • Cheng Chen,
  • Yundi Zhang,
  • Fucheng Lin,
  • Wenzhuo Sun,
  • Jie Zhang,
  • Guocai Zhang,
  • Weihu Ma

摘要

Salvia japonica essential oil (SJEO) is a natural active substance that has been widely used in medicine and food preservation. However, the antifungal mechanism of SJEO against plant pathogens is not well understood. This study examined the antifungal activity of SJEO against Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum). The results demonstrated that SJEO significantly inhibits the mycelial growth and conidial germination of F. oxysporum in a dose-dependent manner. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that SJEO induces mycelial shrinkage, deformation, and rupture. Moreover, SJEO treatment substantially reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), with decreases of 82.49%, 82.82%, and 58.38%, respectively, in the EC50-treated group compared to the control group at 60 h. In contrast, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were significantly elevated. SJEO also increased the permeability of the cell membranes of F. oxysporum, which led to the reduction of the cell contents. Additionally, SJEO at the EC50 concentration significantly decreased the activities of endo-1,4-β-glucanase (EG), polygalacturonase (PG), and pectin lyase (PL) by 18.66%, 40.62%, and 80.19%, respectively, compared to the control group at 60 h. Blight in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica was significantly reduced following SJEO treatment (p < 0.05). In summary, SJEO disrupts cellular redox balance and intensifies lipid peroxidation in cell membranes, leading to increased membrane permeability and ultimately cell death, and reduces the pathogenicity of F. oxysporum. These findings indicate that SJEO holds promise as a novel fungicide for controlling blight in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica.