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Objective <p>Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measures a parameter known as Phase Angle (PhA) which reflects the cellular health. This study assessed changes in PhA and association with anthropometric and body composition parameters in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).</p> Methods <p>A longitudinal observational follow-up study was conducted among hospitalized children aged 12–59&#xa0;months with SAM, treated at a Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre. Anthropometry and BIA, including PhA data and analyses, were performed at admission, at discharge, and 11-weeks post-discharge follow-up.</p> Results <p>Of the 141 children enrolled, 136 were successfully discharged following treatment of medical complications and stabilization. Of these, 106 (75.2%) completed nutritional rehabilitation and follow-up of 11&#xa0;weeks. The median (q1, q3) hospital stay was 10 (6, 14) days with mean (SD) daily weight gain of 3.50 (−&#xa0;1.8) g/kg/day. Lower PhA values were observed in children aged 24–59&#xa0;months, with edema, and those from low-income households. PhA positively correlated with weight-for-height (WHZ) and body-cell-mass-index, and negatively with extracellular water. There was no significant difference in PhA (at baseline or follow-up) between those who achieved complete cure (30.2%), partial cure (51.9%) or remained SAM (17.9%). A multivariable linear regression model (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.234) showed higher PhA in children aged 12–23&#xa0;months (<i>P</i> = 0.019), those with higher WHZ (<i>P</i> = 0.036) and lower body mass index-Z score (<i>P</i> = 0.018).</p> Conclusion <p>PhA can be a complementary marker of cellular health and nutritional recovery in SAM children. Standardized reference values are needed to enable its routine clinical use, especially in resource-limited settings.</p>

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Bioelectrical Impedance Phase Angle and its Relationship with Anthropometric and Body Composition Parameters in Hospitalized Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition: A Longitudinal Follow-up Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Shivani Rohatgi,
  • Sukhneet Suri,
  • Praveen Kumar,
  • Geeta Trilok Kumar,
  • Neena Bhatia,
  • Rajesh Kumar Sinha

摘要

Objective

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measures a parameter known as Phase Angle (PhA) which reflects the cellular health. This study assessed changes in PhA and association with anthropometric and body composition parameters in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).

Methods

A longitudinal observational follow-up study was conducted among hospitalized children aged 12–59 months with SAM, treated at a Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre. Anthropometry and BIA, including PhA data and analyses, were performed at admission, at discharge, and 11-weeks post-discharge follow-up.

Results

Of the 141 children enrolled, 136 were successfully discharged following treatment of medical complications and stabilization. Of these, 106 (75.2%) completed nutritional rehabilitation and follow-up of 11 weeks. The median (q1, q3) hospital stay was 10 (6, 14) days with mean (SD) daily weight gain of 3.50 (− 1.8) g/kg/day. Lower PhA values were observed in children aged 24–59 months, with edema, and those from low-income households. PhA positively correlated with weight-for-height (WHZ) and body-cell-mass-index, and negatively with extracellular water. There was no significant difference in PhA (at baseline or follow-up) between those who achieved complete cure (30.2%), partial cure (51.9%) or remained SAM (17.9%). A multivariable linear regression model (R2 = 0.234) showed higher PhA in children aged 12–23 months (P = 0.019), those with higher WHZ (P = 0.036) and lower body mass index-Z score (P = 0.018).

Conclusion

PhA can be a complementary marker of cellular health and nutritional recovery in SAM children. Standardized reference values are needed to enable its routine clinical use, especially in resource-limited settings.