Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in clinical parameters among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) after initiating subcutaneous semaglutide in Chinese clinical practice. Methods SCHOLAR was a retrospective cohort study using data from the Tianjin regional electronic health records database, including adults with T2D who initiated once-weekly semaglutide (full analysis set [FAS]). Endpoints included change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and proportion with HbA1c < 7.0% at month 6 (primary)/12 (secondary); lipids, medication classes, and safety (exploratory endpoints). Results Among 26,859 individuals (FAS), mean ± SD age was 57 ± 13 years, and duration of T2D was 4 ± 3 years. Individuals with HbA1c measurements at baseline and month 6 (n = 3055; baseline HbA1c 7.65%) and 12 (n = 2897; baseline HbA1c 7.75%) were included in the HbA1c analyses. Mean change (95% CI) in HbA1c was − 0.65%-points (− 0.71, − 0.59) at month 6, and − 0.47%-points (− 0.53, − 0.41) at month 12 with semaglutide (both p < 0.0001). The proportion of individuals with HbA1c < 7.0% was 40.4%, 57.9%, and 49.8% at baseline, month 6, and month 12, respectively. Additionally, for individuals with HbA1c ≥ 7.0% at baseline (mean HbA1c 8.59%), mean HbA1c change (95% CI) at month 6 was − 1.17%-points (− 1.25, − 1.08) (p < 0.0001). Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides significantly decreased after 12 months with semaglutide (p < 0.05). Among individuals with continued semaglutide use, mean daily insulin dose, and number of combined oral antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and lipid-lowering medication classes reduced after 6/12 months (all p < 0.05). In the FAS, constipation, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort were the most frequently reported adverse events (1.73%, 0.91%, and 0.89%, respectively). Conclusions Initiating once-weekly semaglutide was associated with significant improvements versus baseline in glycemic control and lipids in people with T2D from Tianjin, China. Safety of semaglutide was similar to the established safety profile per adverse events assessment. Clinical Trials Registration NCT06351748.

Real-World Cohort Study of Semaglutide in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Using an Electronic Health Records Database in Tianjin, China

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2026年3月18日

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Shanshan Wang,
Ping Hu,
Zewei Shen,
Liming Chen

摘要

Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in clinical parameters among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) after initiating subcutaneous semaglutide in Chinese clinical practice.

Methods

SCHOLAR was a retrospective cohort study using data from the Tianjin regional electronic health records database, including adults with T2D who initiated once-weekly semaglutide (full analysis set [FAS]). Endpoints included change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1c) and proportion with HbA_1c < 7.0% at month 6 (primary)/12 (secondary); lipids, medication classes, and safety (exploratory endpoints).

Results

Among 26,859 individuals (FAS), mean ± SD age was 57 ± 13 years, and duration of T2D was 4 ± 3 years. Individuals with HbA_1c measurements at baseline and month 6 (n = 3055; baseline HbA_1c 7.65%) and 12 (n = 2897; baseline HbA_1c 7.75%) were included in the HbA_1c analyses. Mean change (95% CI) in HbA_1c was − 0.65%-points (− 0.71, − 0.59) at month 6, and − 0.47%-points (− 0.53, − 0.41) at month 12 with semaglutide (both p < 0.0001). The proportion of individuals with HbA_1c < 7.0% was 40.4%, 57.9%, and 49.8% at baseline, month 6, and month 12, respectively. Additionally, for individuals with HbA_1c ≥ 7.0% at baseline (mean HbA_1c 8.59%), mean HbA_1c change (95% CI) at month 6 was − 1.17%-points (− 1.25, − 1.08) (p < 0.0001). Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides significantly decreased after 12 months with semaglutide (p < 0.05). Among individuals with continued semaglutide use, mean daily insulin dose, and number of combined oral antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and lipid-lowering medication classes reduced after 6/12 months (all p < 0.05). In the FAS, constipation, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort were the most frequently reported adverse events (1.73%, 0.91%, and 0.89%, respectively).

Conclusions

Initiating once-weekly semaglutide was associated with significant improvements versus baseline in glycemic control and lipids in people with T2D from Tianjin, China. Safety of semaglutide was similar to the established safety profile per adverse events assessment.

Clinical Trials Registration

NCT06351748.