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Background <p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with characteristics of Th2-biased immune responses and intense pruritus. Conventional treatments like corticosteroids can relieve symptoms but often cause side effects. Patchouli alcohol (PA), a natural terpenoid from <i>Pogostemon cablin</i>, possesses notable anti-inflammatory properties.</p> Objective <p>This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of PA on AD and its immunomodulatory mechanisms.</p> Results <p>PA treatment markedly alleviated AD-like manifestations, as evidenced by scratching frequency, serum IgE and IL-4 levels, and improved histopathological features, including decreased epidermal hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltration, and mast cell degranulation. Moreover, PA treatment was associated with restoration of the Th1/Th2 balance, characterized by increased IFN-γ and IL-12 and reduced IL-4 and IL-13. At the signaling level, PA was associated with suppression of NF-κB and STAT6 activation and with modulation of macrophage polarization, reflected by downregulation of iNOS and CD86 and upregulation of Arg1, indicating a shift toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.</p> Conclusion <p>PA effectively attenuated AD-like symptoms in mice, and these protective effects were associated with modulation of immune responses and inflammatory signaling, including NF-κB/STAT6 signaling and macrophage polarization. These findings suggest that PA may represent a promising natural immunomodulatory candidate for the management of AD-related inflammatory skin disorders.</p>

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Patchouli alcohol attenuates DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis-like inflammatory dermatitis associated with NF-κB/STAT6 signaling and macrophage polarization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月9日

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  • Yong Li,
  • Jiaxin Xie,
  • Mengyi Liao

摘要

Background

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with characteristics of Th2-biased immune responses and intense pruritus. Conventional treatments like corticosteroids can relieve symptoms but often cause side effects. Patchouli alcohol (PA), a natural terpenoid from Pogostemon cablin, possesses notable anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective

This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of PA on AD and its immunomodulatory mechanisms.

Results

PA treatment markedly alleviated AD-like manifestations, as evidenced by scratching frequency, serum IgE and IL-4 levels, and improved histopathological features, including decreased epidermal hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltration, and mast cell degranulation. Moreover, PA treatment was associated with restoration of the Th1/Th2 balance, characterized by increased IFN-γ and IL-12 and reduced IL-4 and IL-13. At the signaling level, PA was associated with suppression of NF-κB and STAT6 activation and with modulation of macrophage polarization, reflected by downregulation of iNOS and CD86 and upregulation of Arg1, indicating a shift toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.

Conclusion

PA effectively attenuated AD-like symptoms in mice, and these protective effects were associated with modulation of immune responses and inflammatory signaling, including NF-κB/STAT6 signaling and macrophage polarization. These findings suggest that PA may represent a promising natural immunomodulatory candidate for the management of AD-related inflammatory skin disorders.