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Background <p>Alveolar bone deficiencies pose a substantial clinical problem worldwide, frequently leading to tooth loss and impairing both chewing function and esthetic appearance. Current treatments mainly rely on autografts and allografts, which have notable drawbacks.</p> Objective <p>This research sought to determine whether exosomes from periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), carrying circular RNA from the ITCH locus (circ-ITCH) via the immunomodulatory cholesterol-modified antimicrobial peptide DP7 (DP7-C), could improve the proliferation and bone‑forming differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), offering a new approach for alveolar bone regeneration.</p> Results <p>PDLSCs were effectively isolated and showed multipotent differentiation ability. Exosomes exhibited a typical cup‑shaped appearance (70–150&#xa0;nm) and expressed CD9 and TSG101. DP7-C successfully transported circ‑ITCH into PDLSCs, markedly raising circ‑ITCH levels in exosomes. In vitro, exosomes enriched with circ‑ITCH further boosted BMSC proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. In vivo, β‑TCP scaffolds carrying exosomes considerably stimulated new bone formation and collagen deposition, with the best repair outcomes seen in the circ‑ITCH‑modified exosome group.</p> Conclusion <p>PDLSC‑derived exosomes carrying circ‑ITCH via the immunomodulatory peptide DP7‑C facilitate alveolar bone defect healing.</p>

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DP7-C-loaded circ-ITCH from periodontal ligament stem cell-derived exosomes promotes alveolar bone defect repair via immunomodulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月8日

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  • Cheng Chen,
  • ChunBo Zhang

摘要

Background

Alveolar bone deficiencies pose a substantial clinical problem worldwide, frequently leading to tooth loss and impairing both chewing function and esthetic appearance. Current treatments mainly rely on autografts and allografts, which have notable drawbacks.

Objective

This research sought to determine whether exosomes from periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), carrying circular RNA from the ITCH locus (circ-ITCH) via the immunomodulatory cholesterol-modified antimicrobial peptide DP7 (DP7-C), could improve the proliferation and bone‑forming differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), offering a new approach for alveolar bone regeneration.

Results

PDLSCs were effectively isolated and showed multipotent differentiation ability. Exosomes exhibited a typical cup‑shaped appearance (70–150 nm) and expressed CD9 and TSG101. DP7-C successfully transported circ‑ITCH into PDLSCs, markedly raising circ‑ITCH levels in exosomes. In vitro, exosomes enriched with circ‑ITCH further boosted BMSC proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. In vivo, β‑TCP scaffolds carrying exosomes considerably stimulated new bone formation and collagen deposition, with the best repair outcomes seen in the circ‑ITCH‑modified exosome group.

Conclusion

PDLSC‑derived exosomes carrying circ‑ITCH via the immunomodulatory peptide DP7‑C facilitate alveolar bone defect healing.