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<p><i>Nyctanthes arbor-tristis</i> is a small-sized medicinal and ornamental tree common in gardens and road-side plantations in India. The leaves of <i>N. arbor-tristis</i> are recommended in <i>Ayurvedic</i> medicine for the treatment of cough, chronic pyrexia, rheumatism, sciatica, biliary disorders and internal worm infections. Forty-two accessions collected from Uttar Pradesh (UP), Delhi (DE), Rajasthan (RJ), Madhya Pradesh (MP), Gujarat (GU), West Bengal (WB) and Nepal (NP) were examined to elucidfate morpho-anatomical and ISSR based genetic diversity. The study revealed significant intraspecific diversity in morphological and anatomical traits, particularly for leaf lamina thickness, stomatal density, anticlinal wall pattern, palisade layer thickness, xylem thickness, phloem thickness, and phloem fibre thickness (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The palisade thickness significantly correlates with the lamina thickness (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) in <i>N. arbor-tristis.</i> Genetic diversity performed employing 15 Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers produced 84 loci in a 200–2000&#xa0;bp size range. The primers UBC-807 and UBC-818 demonstrated superior performance, amplifying eight loci each, while UBC-812 yielded only two loci. Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values ranged from 0.16 to 0.38. The dendrogram showed two major groups representing UP, DE, and GU accessions in one group and MP, WB, RJ and NP are in a separate group. The Bayesian population structure analysis further supported the clustering results, revealing four distinct sub-populations (K = 4). These sub-populations displayed varying degrees of admixture, indicative of gene flow and hybridization events among accessions. This is the first study on morpho-anatomical and genetic diversity covering diverse accessions of <i>N. arbor-tristis</i> from North India. The present study could be useful in selecting and managing elite accessions for future improvement programmes to make more effective formulations. This article aligns with SDG 15 (Life on Land) of the UN Agenda for Sustainable Development.</p>

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Morpho-anatomical and ISSR markers based genetic diversity analysis in the ayurvedic plant Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. among the populations in north India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Neha Chaudhary,
  • Dipayan Ghosh,
  • Anitika Kundu,
  • Narendra Kumar

摘要

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is a small-sized medicinal and ornamental tree common in gardens and road-side plantations in India. The leaves of N. arbor-tristis are recommended in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of cough, chronic pyrexia, rheumatism, sciatica, biliary disorders and internal worm infections. Forty-two accessions collected from Uttar Pradesh (UP), Delhi (DE), Rajasthan (RJ), Madhya Pradesh (MP), Gujarat (GU), West Bengal (WB) and Nepal (NP) were examined to elucidfate morpho-anatomical and ISSR based genetic diversity. The study revealed significant intraspecific diversity in morphological and anatomical traits, particularly for leaf lamina thickness, stomatal density, anticlinal wall pattern, palisade layer thickness, xylem thickness, phloem thickness, and phloem fibre thickness (p < 0.01). The palisade thickness significantly correlates with the lamina thickness (p < 0.01) in N. arbor-tristis. Genetic diversity performed employing 15 Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers produced 84 loci in a 200–2000 bp size range. The primers UBC-807 and UBC-818 demonstrated superior performance, amplifying eight loci each, while UBC-812 yielded only two loci. Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values ranged from 0.16 to 0.38. The dendrogram showed two major groups representing UP, DE, and GU accessions in one group and MP, WB, RJ and NP are in a separate group. The Bayesian population structure analysis further supported the clustering results, revealing four distinct sub-populations (K = 4). These sub-populations displayed varying degrees of admixture, indicative of gene flow and hybridization events among accessions. This is the first study on morpho-anatomical and genetic diversity covering diverse accessions of N. arbor-tristis from North India. The present study could be useful in selecting and managing elite accessions for future improvement programmes to make more effective formulations. This article aligns with SDG 15 (Life on Land) of the UN Agenda for Sustainable Development.