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<p>Fatty acids play vital roles in plant development and contribute to adaptation, nutritional value and chemotaxonomic significance. All five major fatty acids including palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic were found to accumulate in distinct patterns, forming five major clusters within <i>Crotalaria</i>. Among these fatty acids, linoleic acid was the most abundant across <i>Crotalaria</i> species (42.12–64.71%), exceeding levels typically reported in other legumes. Furthermore, the pattern of fatty acid composition is almost similar among all <i>Crotalaria</i> species investigated in the present study. The exceptionally high content of linoleic acid and overall pattern of fatty acid compositions among <i>Crotalaria</i> species could be a chemotaxonomic marker for the genus <i>Crotalaria</i> at intergeneric level. The high linoleic acid content observed in several <i>Crotalaria</i> species hold considerable potential for nutritional and commercial applications. The significant variation in the fatty acids of seed oil may be attributed to the collections of seed material from diverse ecological habitats, varying local climatic condition, region-specific abiotic stresses and the possible introduction or migration of species across regions. The interspecific variation in fatty acid content among <i>Crotalaria</i> species appears to be correlated with their latitudinal and altitudinal distribution, reflecting adaptive strategies for maintaining membrane stability and fluidity under varying environmental conditions. This study is the first comprehensive effort with extensive sampling to analyse the seed fatty acid profiles of 33 species of <i>Crotalaria</i>. Linoleic acid emerged as the most abundant fatty acid, with levels surpassing those reported in other legume species to date—highlighting its potential nutritional value. Moreover, high linoleic acid levels and distinctive fatty acid profiles may hold chemotaxonomic significance for <i>Crotalaria</i> species.</p>

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Fatty acid profile and multivariate analysis of Indian Crotalaria reveal its adaptive and nutritional significance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月25日

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  • Shagun Danda,
  • Shweta Subramaniam,
  • Ashish Kumar Choudhary,
  • Shabir Ahmad Rather,
  • Girish Mishra,
  • Arun Kumar Pandey

摘要

Fatty acids play vital roles in plant development and contribute to adaptation, nutritional value and chemotaxonomic significance. All five major fatty acids including palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic were found to accumulate in distinct patterns, forming five major clusters within Crotalaria. Among these fatty acids, linoleic acid was the most abundant across Crotalaria species (42.12–64.71%), exceeding levels typically reported in other legumes. Furthermore, the pattern of fatty acid composition is almost similar among all Crotalaria species investigated in the present study. The exceptionally high content of linoleic acid and overall pattern of fatty acid compositions among Crotalaria species could be a chemotaxonomic marker for the genus Crotalaria at intergeneric level. The high linoleic acid content observed in several Crotalaria species hold considerable potential for nutritional and commercial applications. The significant variation in the fatty acids of seed oil may be attributed to the collections of seed material from diverse ecological habitats, varying local climatic condition, region-specific abiotic stresses and the possible introduction or migration of species across regions. The interspecific variation in fatty acid content among Crotalaria species appears to be correlated with their latitudinal and altitudinal distribution, reflecting adaptive strategies for maintaining membrane stability and fluidity under varying environmental conditions. This study is the first comprehensive effort with extensive sampling to analyse the seed fatty acid profiles of 33 species of Crotalaria. Linoleic acid emerged as the most abundant fatty acid, with levels surpassing those reported in other legume species to date—highlighting its potential nutritional value. Moreover, high linoleic acid levels and distinctive fatty acid profiles may hold chemotaxonomic significance for Crotalaria species.